Non-biological treatment of schizophrenia Flashcards
describe cognitive behavioural therapy
CBT is a form of therapy that combines a cognitive approach (the way a person thinks) with learning theory concepts which aim to change behaviour (reinforcement).
What is the aim of CBT in treating schizophrenia
helping clients identify irrational thoughts and try to challenge them. People with SZ often lack coping skills to manage their symptoms leaving them vulnerable to stress, which can trigger relapse. The therapist will help the individual to understand more about their condition, allowing them to initiate coping mechanisms, such as stress management techniques.
How can CBT combat delusions?
They can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact their feelings and behaviour. If a client hears voices they will naturally be afraid, so offering non-biological explanations for the existence of these delusions can reduce anxiety.
how is ‘reality testing’ used in CBT to treat SZ?
This is where perceived thoughts are challenged to test whether they are real e.g. if a patient believes someone is trying to hurt them, ask them to keep a record of evidence to support. Evidence collected in these experiments can be discussed and used to debunk beliefs. This should help patient differentiate between confirmed reality and perceived reality.
how can behavioural action in CBT be used to treat SZ
SZ is associated with social withdrawal, which can be reduced by rewarding positive behaviours such as becoming more socially active. (setting as a homework task for client) This can help the client to recognise that there are more ways to define themselves than just “schizophrenic”, preventing stigmatisation.
evidence from NICE as a supporting study for the use of CBT
conducted meta-analysis of high quality CBT found that it was effective at reducing hospitalisation rates for up to 18 months for people with. CBT also reduced symptom severity suggesting that CBT is useful treatment of SZ.
What is a weakness of the use of CBT in treatment of SZ?
studies found that CBT was only superior to 2/9 of trials. Thus suggests that CBT may not be as effective as NICE report suggests.
What is a strength of CBT? hint: meds
CBT is a great alternative for those who have not responded well to medication. Studies found that when drug-resistance clients where given CBT their symptoms of hallucinations improved. This suggests its a useful second line of therapy.
How can CBT be applied to independent living?
CBT can be used to develop important social skills so people can cope better with independent living. It can target ways to improve a person’s quality of life by developing social skill which can be achieved through challenges to irrational beliefs. This kind of approach offers a more long-lasting solution than drug therapy.
