Nomenclature Rules Flashcards
What is the first step in determining IUPAC?
Find the longest carbon chain with THE MOST SUBSTITUENTS and determine the parent name
What is the second step in determining IUPAC?
Name all of the substituents on the main chain using -yl as the ending of the base name; use prefixes for multiple types of one substituent
What is the third step in determining IUPAC?
Number the carbons on the parent chain TO OBTAIN THE LOWEST OVERALL NUMBERS of each substituent
What is the fourth step in determining IUPAC?
Write the name of the molecule in alphabetical order with the parent name at the end
What are formatting rules when writing the name of a molecule?
Dashes go between numbers, letters, and parentheses; commas go between numbers; complex substituents go in parentheses; no spaces in the name
When a molecule has multiple of the same substituent, how are the numbers written when determining the name?
They are written in ascending order (ex. 2, 5, 7-trimethylnonane)
What do you do if the substituents are evenly dispersed over the parent chain number wise?
Give the lowest number according to alphabetical order
What happens if di, tri, etc. are part of substituent names?
They do NOT count alphabetically
What changes when naming a molecule with branched common names like sec- and tert-?
They do not count alphabetically or require parentheses; however, iso- and neo- do count alphabetically
What are things to know concerning functional group specifics?
The highest priority functional group must be in the base chain and have the lowest number when possible; stereochemical information always goes in front of the name in parentheses using numbers to specify the stereocenter/branch point when necessary
How do we name Haloalkanes?
Treat halogens as substituents (no priority) with an -o ending (fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-)
