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Chem 4 > Nomenclature of Organic Compounds > Flashcards

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three ways in which hydrocarbons can be classified?

A

Aliphatic
Alicyclics
Aromatic

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2
Q

What is meant by the term aromatic?

A

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring.

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3
Q

What is meant by the term alicyclic?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in ring structures.

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4
Q

What is meant by the term aliphatic?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains.

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5
Q

What are the three homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons that you need to be aware of?

A

Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes

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6
Q

What type of bonds do alkanes have?

A

Single carbon-to-carbon bonds

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7
Q

What type of bonds do alkenes have?

A

At least one double carbon-to-carbon bond.

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8
Q

What type of bond do alkynes have?

A

At least one triple carbon-to-carbon bond.

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9
Q

What does the stem of the name indicate?

A

The number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain.

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10
Q

What can a prefix indicate?

A

The presence of side chains or functional groups.

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11
Q

What does a suffix indicate?

A

Functional groups

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12
Q

What is the suffix for alkanes?

A

-ane

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13
Q

What is meant by the term alkyl group?

A

These are any side chains that are attached to the parent chain.

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14
Q

What is the name of the alkyl group added to?

A

The prefix of the name of the parent chain.

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15
Q

What is added before the alkyl group to show where the alkyl group is located?

A

Numbers

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16
Q

What should you do if there are two or more possible chains of the same length in a molecule?

A

Use the chain with the most branches as this is considered the longest chain.

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17
Q

What is the order of alkyl groups?

A

This is done alphabetically.

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18
Q

What prefix should you use when naming alicyclic alkanes?

A

Cyclo-

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19
Q

What is the suffix for alkenes?

A

-ene

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20
Q

What must be stated for alkenes that have four or more carbon atoms in their longest chain?

A

The position of the C=C bond.

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21
Q

What are the three ways in which hydrocarbons can be classified?

A

Aliphatic
Alicyclics
Aromatic

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22
Q

What is meant by the term aromatic?

A

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring.

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23
Q

What is meant by the term alicyclic?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in ring structures.

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24
Q

What is meant by the term aliphatic?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains.

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25
Q

What are the three homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons that you need to be aware of?

A

Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes

26
Q

What type of bonds do alkanes have?

A

Single carbon-to-carbon bonds

27
Q

What type of bonds do alkenes have?

A

At least one double carbon-to-carbon bond.

28
Q

What type of bond do alkynes have?

A

At least one triple carbon-to-carbon bond.

29
Q

What does the stem of the name indicate?

A

The number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain.

30
Q

What can a prefix indicate?

A

The presence of side chains or functional groups.

31
Q

What does a suffix indicate?

A

Functional groups

32
Q

What is the suffix for alkanes?

A

-ane

33
Q

What is meant by the term alkyl group?

A

These are any side chains that are attached to the parent chain.

34
Q

What is the name of the alkyl group added to?

A

The prefix of the name of the parent chain.

35
Q

What is added before the alkyl group to show where the alkyl group is located?

A

Numbers

36
Q

What should you do if there are two or more possible chains of the same length in a molecule?

A

Use the chain with the most branches as this is considered the longest chain.

37
Q

What is the order of alkyl groups?

A

This is done alphabetically.

38
Q

What prefix should you use when naming alicyclic alkanes?

A

Cyclo-

39
Q

What is the suffix for alkenes?

A

-ene

40
Q

What must be stated for alkenes that have four or more carbon atoms in their longest chain?

A

The position of the C=C bond.

41
Q

What is the functional group of an alkene?

A

C=C

42
Q

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

A

-OH

43
Q

What is the functional group of a haloalkane?

A
  • Cl
  • Br
  • I
44
Q

What is the functional group of an aldehyde?

A

-CHO

45
Q

What is the functional group of a ketone?

A

-C(CO)C-

46
Q

What is the functional group of a carboxylic acid?

A

-COOH

47
Q

What is the functional group of an ester?

A

-COOC-

48
Q

What is the functional group of an acrylic chloride?

A

-COCl

49
Q

What is the functional group of an amine?

A

-NH2

50
Q

What is the functional group of a nitrile?

A

-CN

51
Q

What is the prefix for alcohols?

A

Hydroxy-

52
Q

What are the prefixes for haloalkanes?

A

Chloro- Bromo- Iodo-

53
Q

What is the prefix for an amine?

A

Amino-

54
Q

What is the suffix for an alcohol?

A

-ol

55
Q

What is the suffix for aldehydes?

A

-al

56
Q

What is the suffix for ketones?

A

-one

57
Q

What is the suffix for carboxylic acids?

A

-oic acid

58
Q

What is the suffix for an ester?

A

-oate

59
Q

What is the suffix for an acyl chloride?

A

-oyl chloride

60
Q

What is the suffix for an amine?

A

-amine

61
Q

What is the suffix for a nitrile?

A

-nitrile

Chem 4 (11 decks)

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