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nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

what does ____ stand for

TIA / EIA

A

Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industries Alliance

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2
Q

define:

socket

A

IP address + Port #

ex: 172.16.16.10 + 21 =
172. 16.16.10:21

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3
Q

define:

network

A

2 or more computer systems linked together by a transmission medium that enables them to share information

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4
Q

define:

node

A

device that communicates on a network

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5
Q

define:

link

A

communication pathway between nodes

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6
Q

define:

LAN

A

local area network

a network in a single location

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7
Q

define:

WAN

A

wide area network

networks in different geographical locations but with shared links

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8
Q

define:

PDU

A

protocol data unit

header + payload (data) = PDU

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9
Q

define:

logical topology

A

layer 2 segment that includes multiple phsyical segments

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10
Q

define:

frame

A

structured unit

stream of 1s & 0s arriving from the physical layer, organied by layer 2-data link

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11
Q

define:

IEEE

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

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12
Q

define:

MAC

A

Media Access Control

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13
Q

define:

Session

or

Dialog

A

exchange of multiple messages between the client & server

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14
Q

define:

robust switching protocol

A

can automatically recover from communication link failures

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15
Q

example of

robust switching protocol

A

packet switching protocol

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16
Q

define:

bandwidth

A
  • the range of frequencies available to the communication channel
  • also- data rate
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17
Q

define:

baseband transmission

A

the complete bandwidth of the media is available to a single transmission channel

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18
Q

define:

bandwidth is measured by

A

unit of time called Hertz (Hz)

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19
Q

define:

hertz

hz

A

number of signaling cycles that can be completed per second

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20
Q

define:

data rate

A

amount of information that can be transferred per second

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21
Q

define:

baud rate

A

number of symbols that can be transmitted per second

measured in hertz - MHz or GHz

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22
Q

define:

bit rate

A

amount of information that can be transmitted

measured in bits/second

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23
Q

define:

attenuation

A

loss of signal strength

expressed in dB

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24
Q

define:

noise

A

anything that gets transmitted within or close to the channel that isn’t the intended signal

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25
Q

define:

Media Access Control

MAC

A

methods a network technology uses to determine when nodes can communicate on the media & to deal with possible problems

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26
Q

define:

deterministic media access

A

a central device/system specifies when & how long each node can transmit

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27
Q

example of

deterministic media access

A

token ring

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28
Q

what are the benefits of

deterministic media access

A
  • when network access is time critical
  • all nodes get a chance
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29
Q

define:

contention based MAC system

A

each node in the same collision domain competes

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30
Q

define:

collision domain

A

all hosts attached to the same cable segment or connected via the same hub

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31
Q

define:

CSMA

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access

detects activity ont the media & multiple nodes using the same media

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32
Q

define:

CSMA/CA

A

Carrier

Sense

Multiple

Access

/

Collision

Avoidance

33
Q

define:

CSMA/CD

A

Carrier

Sense

Multiple

Access

/

Collision

Detection

34
Q

what is the

CSMA dialog control

A

half-duplex

35
Q

explain how it works:

CSMA/CD

A

on detecting a collision, the node broadcasts a jam signal. nodes then wait for backoff period before retrying

36
Q

define:

how CSMA/CD gains access

A

use “request to send” schemes to gain access tot he media

37
Q

what is the

contention based media access used by 802.11

A

CSMA/CA

38
Q

define:

switches allow for ____ dialog control

A

full-duplex

39
Q

define:

broadcast domain

A

any given node will receive all the traffic transmitted with that domain

40
Q

define:

unicast

A

traffic is processed only if specifically addressed to a single recipient

41
Q

define:

when is broadcast traffic often used?

A
  • host needs to discover the address of another host
  • host needs to autoconfigure its own address
  • when routers communicate updates
42
Q

define:

how are colission domains seperated

A

bridges

43
Q

define:

how are colission domains effectively eliminated?

A

switches

44
Q

what is the

relationship between collision domain & broadcast domains

A

1 broadcast domain can contain multiple collision domains

1 collision domain is only associated with only 1 broadcast domain

45
Q

what is

IP address + Port #

ex: 172.16.16.10 + 21 =
172. 16.16.10:21

A

socket

46
Q

what is

2 or more computer systems linked together by a transmission medium that enables them to share information

A

network

47
Q

what is a

device that communicates on a network

A

node

48
Q

what is a

communication pathway between nodes

A

link

49
Q

what is a

local area network

a network in a single location

A

LAN

50
Q

what is a

wide area network

networks in different geographical locations but with shared links

A

WAN

51
Q

what is a

protocol data unit

header + payload (data) = PDU

A

PDU

52
Q

what is a

layer 2 segment that includes multiple phsyical segments

A

logical topology

53
Q

what is the

stream of 1s & 0s arriving from the physical layer, organied by layer 2-data link

structured unit

A

frame

54
Q

what do you call the

exchange of multiple messages between the client & server

A

Session

or

Dialog

55
Q

what

can automatically recover from communication link failures

A

robust switching protocol

56
Q

what is

  • the range of frequencies available to the communication channel
  • also- data rate
A

bandwidth

57
Q

what is

the complete bandwidth of the media is available to a single transmission channel

A

baseband transmission

58
Q

what is measured by

unit of time called Hertz (Hz)

A

bandwidth

59
Q

what is the unit of measurement for the

number of signaling cycles that can be completed per second

A

hertz

hz

60
Q

what is the label for the

amount of information that can be transferred per second

A

data rate

61
Q

what is the label for the

number of symbols that can be transmitted per second

measured in hertz - MHz or GHz

A

baud rate

62
Q

what is the label for the

amount of information that can be transmitted

measured in bits/second

A

bit rate

63
Q

what is

loss of signal strength

expressed in dB

A

attenuation

64
Q

what is

anything that gets transmitted within or close to the channel that isn’t the intended signal

A

noise

65
Q

what is the name of the

methods a network technology uses to determine when nodes can communicate on the media & to deal with possible problems

A

Media Access Control

MAC

66
Q

what do we call

a central device/system that specifies when & how long each node can transmit

A

deterministic media access

67
Q

define:

token ring uses what type of media access?

A

deterministic media access

68
Q

what type of access control should you choose when

  • when network access is time critical
  • all nodes need to get a chance
A

deterministic media access

69
Q

what do you call the type of access where

each node in the same collision domain competes

A

contention based MAC system

70
Q

what is the label when

all hosts attached to the same cable segment or connected via the same hub

A

collision domain

71
Q

which dialog control uses

half-duplex

A

CSMA dialog control

72
Q

what access control,

on detecting a collision, the node broadcasts a jam signal. nodes then wait for backoff period before retrying

A

CSMA/CD

73
Q

which access control

use “request to send” schemes to gain access tot he media

A

CSMA/CD

74
Q

what is the label for when

any given node will receive all the traffic transmitted with that domain

A

broadcast domain

75
Q

name for when

traffic is processed only if specifically addressed to a single recipient

A

unicast

76
Q

define:

bit

A
  • is atomic: the smallest unit of storage
  • stores just a 0 or 1
  • “In the computer it’s all 0’s and 1’s” … bits
  • Anything with two separate states can store 1 bit
  • In a chip: electric charge = 0/1
  • In a hard drive: spots of North/South magnetism = 0/1
  • 8 bits make 1 byte
77
Q

define:

byte

A
  • 1 byte = collection of 8 bits
  • e.g. 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
  • 1 byte can store 1 character, e.g. ‘A’ or ‘x’ or ‘$’
78
Q

define:

SAN =

A

Storage Area Network

network + (10 decks)

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