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MCAT Organic Chemistry > Nomenclature > Flashcards

Nomenclature Flashcards

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1
Q

Steps of IUPAC naming

A
  1. Identify longest chain
  2. Number parent chain
  3. Name substituents
  4. Number substituents
  5. Complete name
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2
Q

Alkane

A

Simple hydrocarbon molecules, CnH(2n+2)

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3
Q

Alkene

A

Double bonds

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4
Q

Alkyne

A

Triple bonds

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5
Q

Alcohols

A

-OH; name by replacing -e with -ol

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6
Q

Diol

A

two -OHs; add -diol to end of name

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7
Q

geminal diol

A

diols with -OH groups on same carbon

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8
Q

vicinal diol

A

diols with -OH groups on adjacent carbons

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9
Q

hydrates

A

aka geminal diol; spontaneously dehydrate to produce carbonyl compounds

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10
Q

carbonyl group

A

carbon double bonded to an oxygen

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11
Q

aldehydes

A

carbonyl group found at the end of parent chain; named by replacing -e with -al

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12
Q

ketone

A

carbonyl group in the middle of parent chain; named by replacing -e with -one

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13
Q

aldehyde and ketone substituents

A

-oxo or -keto

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14
Q

carboxylic acid

A

contain both a carbonyl and a hydroxyl on a terminal carbon

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15
Q

ester

A

carboxylic acid derivative in which the -OH is replaced with an alkoxy group (-OR)

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16
Q

naming esters

A

first term is the alkyl name of the esterifying group; second term is the name of the parent group with -oate replacing -oic acid

17
Q

amides

A

carboxylic acid derivative where -OH group is replaced by an amino group

18
Q

naming amides

A

first term is the alkyl name of the group after the amide; second term is the name of the parent group with -amide replacing -oic acid; N- is placed in front of substituents attached to the nitrogen atom

19
Q

anhydrides

A

carboxylic acid derivative with two C=Os with a O in between

20
Q

naming anhydrides

A

replace acid with anhydride; if not symmetrical, both carboxylic acids are named before anhydride is added

MCAT Organic Chemistry (6 decks)

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