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MCAT Ochem > Nomenclature > Flashcards

Nomenclature Flashcards

1
Q

_____ are hydrocarbon molecules with the formula CnH(2n+2)

A

Alkanes

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2
Q

______ are hydrocarbon molecules with one double bond

A

Alkene

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3
Q

_____ are hydrocarbon molecules with two double bonds

A

Alkyne

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4
Q

Alcohols with two hydroxyl groups are called

A

diols

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5
Q

An alcohol with two hydroxyl groups attached to the same carbon is called

A

Geminal diol

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6
Q

T/F: geminal diols spontaneously hydrate to form carbonyl compounds

A

True

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7
Q

____ have carbonyl groups found at the end of a carbon chain

A

aldehydes

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8
Q

How are aldehydes named?

A

replacing the e from the alkane with al

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9
Q

______ contain a carbonyl group somewhere in the middle of the carbon chain

A

ketones

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10
Q

How are ketones named?

A

by replacing the e in the alkane name with -one

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11
Q

_____ contain a carbonyl group and hydroxyl group on the end of the carbon chain

A

Carboxylic acids

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12
Q

how are carboxylic acids named?

A

replacing -e at the end of the parent alkane with -oic aicd

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13
Q

list the carboxylic aicid derivatives (3)

A

Esters
Amides
Anhydrides

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14
Q

Describe the structure of an ester

A

a compound where the hydroxyl group of the carboxylic acid is replaced with an alkoxy group

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15
Q

What is an alkoxy group

A

a hydrocarbon chain attached to an oxygen

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16
Q

What group does an ester have

A

an alkoxy group

17
Q

How to name an ester?

A

first the alkyl name of alkyl R group then the second name is of the parent acid with -oate replacing -oic acid

18
Q

_____ has the hydroxyl group replaced by an amino group

A

amide

19
Q

What is an amino group

A

a group containing nitrogen

20
Q

What are anhydrides

A

a carboxylic acid derivative formed by the combination of two carboxylic acid molecules with the removal of a water molecule

MCAT Ochem (4 decks)

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