Isomers

Question 1

What are structural isomers

Answer 1

structures that share the same molecular formula and molecular weight but have different chemical and physical properties

Question 2

What is the definition of physical properties

Answer 2

characteristics of PROCESSES that do not change the composition of matter

Question 3

What is the definition of chemical properties

Answer 3

have to do with the reactivity of a molecule with other molecules that result in changes of the chemical composition

Question 4

give examples of physical properties

Answer 4

melting point
boiling point
solubulity
odor 
color
density

Question 5

Chemical properties are usually determined by _____ _____.

Answer 5

functional groups

Question 6

How do STEREOISOMERS differ?

Answer 6

the arrangement of the atoms in space (wedge, dash)

Question 7

How are STEREOISOMERS similar?

Answer 7

they share the same molecular formula and molecular connectivity

Question 8

______ share the same molecular connectivity

Answer 8

Stereoisomers

Question 9

What are the the two types of stereoisomers?

Answer 9

• configurational

- conformational

Question 10

how do CONFORMATIONAL isomers differ

Answer 10

in rotation around a single sigma bond

Question 11

_______ isomers differ in rotation around a single sigma bond

Answer 11

conformational

Question 12

______ isomers can be interconverted by breaking bonds only

Answer 12

configurational

Question 13

Conformational isomers have the same:

Answer 13

connectivity, molecular formula

Question 14

What is angle strain in cyclic conformation

Answer 14

when bond angles are deviated from their ideal values by being stretched or compressed

Question 15

What is torsional strain

Answer 15

when cyclic molecules assume conformations the hav e eclipsed or gauche interactions

Question 16

What is non bonded strain

Answer 16

when atoms or groups compete for the same space

Question 17

What is the most stable conformation of cyclohexane>

Answer 17

chair

Question 18

During a chair flip______ components become _____

Answer 18

axial, equatorial

Question 19

Components pointing up from the plane are (wedge/dash)

Answer 19

wedge

Question 20

Components pointing down from the plane are (wedge/dash)

Answer 20

dash

Question 21

if two groups are on the same side of the plane of a ring they are considered

Answer 21

cis

Question 22

if two groups are on oppoiste sides of a plane of a ring they are considered

Answer 22

trans

Question 23

What are the two categories of configurational isomers

Answer 23

enantiomers

diastereomers

Question 24

if a molecule is chiral it lacks

Answer 24

internal plane of symmetry

Question 25

_____ objects have mirror images that CAN be superimposed

Answer 25

achiral

Question 26

Molecules that are nonsuperimposible (chiral) are:

A. Diastereomeres
B. Enantiomers

Answer 26

B

Question 27

_______ are chiral and share the same connectivity but are NOT mirror images of each other

Answer 27

enantiomers

Question 28

A carbon with only 3 different substituents are

Answer 28

achiral

Question 29

An optically active compound can

Answer 29

rotate lig

Question 30

An optically active compound can

Answer 30

rotate plane polarized light

Question 31

for any molecule with n chiral centers there are ___ possible stereoisomers

Answer 31

2^n

Question 32

____ are non-mirror image configurational isomers

Answer 32

diastereomers

Question 33

if two substituents are on the same side of an immovable bond are

Answer 33

cis

Question 34

if two substituents are on opposite sides of an immovable bond are

Answer 34

trans

Question 35

what must be for a compound to be optically active (2 things)

Answer 35

have chiral centers, lack plane of symmetry

Question 36

A compound with chiral centers and an internal plane of symmetry

Answer 36

meso compound