NMD Flashcards
NMD can be stable and unchanging (static) only
true or false?
false, it may be static or progressive
give examples of Congenital neuromuscular disorders
Muscular dystrophy.
Myotonic dystrophy.
Spinal muscular atrophy.
Peripheral neuropathies (such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease).
Generalized muscle and nerve issues (such as mitochondrial disorders).
Mostly proximal muscles affected in the primary muscle disease and lower extremities more affected than the upper
true or false?
true
the deep tendon reflexes are increased
true or false?
false, decreased
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (OPMD)
Distal muscular dystrophy
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy
Congenital MD
Duchenne MD
Becker MD
Myotonic dystrophy
Facioscapulohumeral (FSHD)
are related to?
muscular dystrophy
DMD is a genetic disorder characterized by non progressive muscle degeneration
true or false?
false, progressive
which protein is altered in DMD?
dystrophin
list the abnormalities of DMD
sway back
weak but muscles
knees bended back to take weight
shoulders and arm are held backwardly while walking
thick lower leg muscles but not strong
belly sticks
thin weak thighs from front
poor balance
clumsy walking
tight heel cord
foot drop and tip toe contracture
what is the sign that is present in DMD patients?
Govers
DMD is a genetically transmitted condition that has an x-linked dominant mode of inheritance
true or false?
false, recessive mode
what are the symptoms of DMD?
trouble walking
Loss of reflexes
Difficulty standing up
Poor posture
Bone thinning
Scoliosis
Mild intellectual impairment
Breathing difficulties
Swallowing problems
Lung and heart weakness
The disease occurs when this protein is shorter than normal due to a defect in the gene that programs the muscle protein Dystrophin
is related to which disease?
Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD
DMD is less severe than BMD
true or false?
false, more severe
Walking on your toes
Frequent falls
Muscle cramps
Trouble getting up from the floor.
are symptoms of ?
BMD
of muscular dystrophy affects the muscles in your face, shoulders, and upper arms is?
Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy (FSHD)
what are the symptoms of FSHD?
Difficulty chewing or swallowing
Slanted shoulders
A crooked appearance of the mouth
A winging scapula
FSHD tends to progress fastly.
true or false?
false, slowly
in FSHD Symptoms usually appear during patient’s teenage years, but they sometimes don’t appear until 40s
true or false?
true
facial weakness and asymmetry
horizontal axillary fold
poly-hill sign
westing of humeral muscles
beover sign
drop foot
calf atrophy and hamstring weakness
lumbar hyper lordosis
winging scapula
are related to?
FSHD
progressive neuromuscular disease characterized by proximal muscle weakness and paralysis in which spinal cord anterior horn cells and brainstem motor nuclei are involved in?
SMA
most common genetic cause of infant death is?
SMA
what are the muscles are affected first in SMA?
progressive weakness of voluntary muscles, with arm, leg andrespiratory muscles
what are the types of SMA?
SMA 0
SMA 1 Werdnig Hoffmann Disease
SMA 2
SMA 3 Kugelberg- Walender Disease
SMA 4
what is the most severe and common form of the disease of SMA?
SMA type one werding Hoffmann
lack of head stability, they never capable of sitting without support.
Severe hypotonia
Chewing, swalloving .
difficulty coughing and secretion due to pulmonary muscles effect
are all related to?
SMA Type 1 Werdnig Hoffmann Disease
These patients capable of sitting without support some of them crawling or even manage to stand but they are not capable of maintain standing position or walking independantly.
Deep tendon reflexes are gone.
Spine deformities are commonly observed in the first years of life
are symptoms of?
SMA type 2
It is a lighter form among SMAs.
In this form, patients can able to walk independently.
At the age of 20-30, they can lose their ambulation abilities
related to?
Type 3 Kugelberg- Walender Disease
parapodium devices are using for keeping?
upright position
the most recommended exercise are aerobics, strengthening and breathing exercises in neuromuscular disease
true or false?
true
faradic current is much proper than TENS and FES for NMD patients
true or false?
false
which current can exacerbate fatigue for NMD ?
FES
