Nitrogen compounds and polymers Flashcards
What’s a primary/secondary/tertiary amine
Amine with 1 R group Amine with 2 R group Amine with 3 R group
how do you name amine’s with more than 1 R group
List different groups alphabetically
(e.g. methylpropylamine)
Amines react with acids to form what?
Salts
e.g. CH3NH2 + HCl -> CH3NH3+Cl-
How do you produce aliphatic amines
heat haloalkane with ethanolic ammonia
why is excess ethanolic ammonia used when makiing amines
pushes equillibrium towrads products
How to you make aromatic amines
reducing nitrobenzene
1) add tin, conc HCl then reflux
2) then add NaOH
write the equation for reduction of nitrobenzene to phenylamine, use display formula
whats a primary/secondary/tertiary amide
1° an amide with no R groups attatched to the N
2° an amide with 1 R groups attatched to the N
3° an amide with 2 R groups attatched to the N
optical isomer definition
a mlecule that has the same structural formula as another molecule but is a non-superimposable mirror image of the other molecule
draw the optical isomers of the alpha amino acid with R=CH3
whats the main difference in physical properties of optical isomers
one isomer will rotate plane polarised light clockwise and the other will rotate anticlockwise
whats a racemic mixture
where product is 50% ONE ISOMER THE THE 50% THE OTHR
How do you name amines with more than 1 R group
prefix = N- to describe the alkyl chain directly bonded to the nitrogen
e.g. N-ethlypropanamide
draw the reactions for an alpha amino acid + an acid/base
whats an addition polymer
a polymer formed by joining small alkenes (monomers) together
draw adiition polymerisation equation for ethene
whats a condensation polymer
type of polymer formed through a series of condensation reactions
whats a polyester
polymer with ester bonds between monomers
whats are 2 things polyesters are used for
- flexible
- abbrasion resistant
draw condensation polymerisation of benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid + ethane-1,2-diol
whats a polyamide
polymer with amide links between monomers
draw condensation polymerisation of
draw condensation polymerisation of OH(CH2)4NH2 + HOOC(CH2)2COOH
whats used to hydrolyse polyamides/esters
waters too slow
acid used for polyaminde
base’s used for polyesters
polyamide hydrolysed with acid forms what
