Nitrogen

Question 1

Potential green house has

Answer 1

N2O (270x times more effective than CO2)

Question 2

Most potent destroyer of ozone

Answer 2

Nitrous oxide

Question 3

How have we added more nitrogen to the environment

Answer 3

Fertilizers
(That fixes nitrogen to ammonia )

Also by nitrogen fixers that are human managed

Burning fossil fuels to NO

Acid rain - NO major component

Question 4

Effect of increase in nitrogen pool

Answer 4

Algal blooms in lakes and marine ecosystem, contamination of ground water but also high agricultural yield

Question 5

Fixing of atmospheric nitrogen

Answer 5

N2+ 8H +8e +16ATP => 2NH3+H2+16ADP(biological nitrogen fixation - rhizobium , anabena)

Industrial nitrogen fixation:
Fertilizers such as urea

Atmospheric nitrogen:
Lightening breaks atmospheric nitrogen

Question 6

Energy costs of breaking triple bond is very high

Question 7

Nitrogenase has two complex proteins

Answer 7

Dinitrogenase reductase and dinitrogenase

Question 8

Dinitrogenase reductase coded by

Answer 8

nifH genes

Question 9

Mo-Fe protein has

Answer 9

Any Fe atoms and two Mo atoms

Question 10

Strategies to seperate oxygen from nitrogen production

Answer 10

Heterocysts to prevent oxygen from interfering with nitrogenase activity

High oxygen rates are maintained to consume oxygen

Question 11

Nitrification

Answer 11

Ammonia converted to nitrate
(NH3 + O2 => NO2- +H + H2O)

Nitrosomonas

NO2- + O2 => NO3-

Question 12

Ammonification

Answer 12

When organic mass of dead and decaying matter decomposers convert to ammonis

Question 13

Denitrification

Answer 13

Convert nitrate to gaseous nitrogen

Clostridium, pseudomonas they process the nitrate to gain oxygen and as by product release nitrogen gas

Question 14

Frankia colonized ….

Answer 14

Actinorhizal plants enabling them to survive in fertile soils

Question 15

Conversion of ammonia to nitrate

Answer 15

Requires 34 moles of NH3+ to fix 1 mole of CO2

Question 16

Nitrite to nitrate

Answer 16

Nitrite oxidising organisms require 100 moles of NO2- to 1 mole CO2

Question 17

Archael counterparts of nitrosomonas nitrobacter

Answer 17

Nitrisipumilus , nitrisisphaera

Question 18

rate-limiting step of nitrification.

Answer 18

conversion of ammonia into nitrite

Question 19

Liebig Mineral theorem

Answer 19

crips growth on afield reflects the exact proportion of diminition or increase of minerals conveyed to it in manure. So it stresses the value of minerals derived from soil and the need of replacing them for soil fertility.

same as limiting nutruent will determine yield