Nine Weeks Test Week 4

Question 1

How does a geneticist use pedigrees

Answer 1

To trace the inheritance of traits in humans

Question 2

What is a pedigree

Answer 2

A chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait

Question 3

Genetic disorders are caused by

Answer 3

DNA mutations or changes in chromosomes.

Question 4

What would be the best way to predict the probability of a baby having cystic fibrosis

Answer 4

By studying the parents pedigree chart

Question 5

A carrier is a person who has

Answer 5

One recessive and one dominant allele for a trait

Question 6

What must occur for a girl to be colorblind

Answer 6

Each parent must have the recessive allele for colorblindness

Question 7

Hemophilia is caused by

Answer 7

a recessive allele on the X chromosome

Question 8

Down syndrome most often occurs when

Answer 8

Chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis

Question 9

What genetic disorder results in abnormally shaped blood cells

Answer 9

Sickle cell disease

Question 10

A DNA molecule is shaped like a

Answer 10

Spiral staircase

Question 11

During DNA replication, adenine always pairs with

Answer 11

Thymine

Question 12

Each ring of the DNA ladder is made of

Answer 12

A pair of nitrogen bases

Question 13

A change in one or a few nucleotides that occur at a single point in a DNA sequence is known as a

Answer 13

Point mutation

Question 14

A mutation that can change every amino acid following the point of mutation is known as

Answer 14

Frameshift

Question 15

What r the different types of frame shift mutations

Answer 15

Insertion and deletion

Question 16

What is the first thing U do when u look at a pedigree chart

Answer 16

Look for alike parents with different kids

Question 17

What is the probability of producing a tall pea plant from a genetic cross between two hybrid tall pea plant

Answer 17

Three in four or 75%

Question 18

If a homozygous black Guinea pig is crossed with a homozygous white Guinea pig, what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur.
Black is dominant

Answer 18

100%

Question 19

A purebred chicken with white feathers is crossed with a purebred chicken with black feathers. Each of their offspring has both black and white feathers. Why does this happen

Answer 19

Both alleles for feather color are dominant

Question 20

When sex cells combined to produce offspring, each six so will contribute

Answer 20

Half the number of chromosomes in body cells

Question 21

Why are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females

Answer 21

A recessive allele on the X chromosome will always produce trait in a male

Question 22

What must occur for a girl to be colorblind

Answer 22

Each parent must have a recessive allele for color blindness

Question 23

Factors that control traits are called

Answer 23

Genes

Question 24

Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait a…

Answer 24

Hybrid

Question 25

What does the notation TT mean to geneticists

Answer 25

Two dominant alleles

Question 26

What does the notation Tt mean to geneticists

Answer 26

One dominant allele and one recessive allele

Question 27

What is probability

Answer 27

A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur

Question 28

What does a punnet square show

Answer 28

All possible outcomes of a genetic cross

Question 29

And organisms physical appearance is it

Answer 29

Phenotype

Question 30

The different forms of a gene are called

Answer 30

Alleles

Question 31

An organisms genotype is it’s

Answer 31

Genetic makeup

Question 32

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is

Answer 32

Homozygous

Question 33

Chromosomes are made up of

Answer 33

Many genes joined together

Question 34

As in the case of unlike magnetic poles, unlike electric charges

Answer 34

Attract each other

Question 35

What causes charges to move in a circuit

Answer 35

Voltage

Question 36

If an electric water heater uses 40kW of power and runs for eight hours what is the total amount of energy used

Answer 36

320 kilowatt-hours

Question 37

An electric current will always flow

Answer 37

The path of less resistance