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AGR 2350 - Second Half > Niche Livestock > Flashcards

Niche Livestock Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 10 examples of niche livestock?

A
  • cervids: elk and deer species
  • bison
  • water buffalo
  • camelids: llamas and alpacas
  • rabbits
  • ratites: ostrich, emu and rhea
  • wild boar
  • fur-bearing species: mink and fox
  • poultry: pigeons, pheasants, quail etc.
  • insects: crickets, ants, black soldier fly larvae
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2
Q

What are 5 commons themes of the niche market?

A
  • Limited markets: niche or cottage industries, producer markets
  • fragmented industry infrastructure: lack of distribution and processing facilties
  • boom and bust: sometimes follow fads
  • small number of products
  • limited market info
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3
Q

What is a fryer vs a roaster?

A

Fryer (rabbit weighing less than) - 2.34 kg
Roaster (rabbit weighing more than) - 2.34 kg

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4
Q

How many rabbit producers in Canada in 2016?

A

3800

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5
Q

How many rabbits slaughtered in 2016?

A

173,000

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6
Q

When was the market crash in the rabbit industry?

A

80s

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7
Q

What is a doe, buck, kit?

A

Doe = female rabbit
Buck = male rabbit
kit = young rabbits

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8
Q

When do fryers reach market weight?

A

8 to 10 weeks

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9
Q

How long is a rabbits gestation?

A

30-33 d

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10
Q

What is kindling?

A

rabbits giving birth

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11
Q

How many litters per year do rabbits produce?

A

5 to 7 litters per year, 8 to 10 kits/litter

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12
Q

What are the strengths of the meat rabbit industry?

A
  • established traditional market
  • existing marketing infrastructure
  • nutritional attributes
  • strong leadership in ontario livestock alliance (ontario rabbit ontario goat and ontario veal)
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13
Q

What are the challenges to the meat rabbit industry?

A
  • reduce mortality
  • limiting marketing options
  • need to expand demand
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14
Q

What are the nutrients in bison meat

A

low in fat and calories, high in protein, iron and vitamin b-12

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15
Q

How much do bison calves weigh at birth?

A

40-60 lbs at birth

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16
Q

At what age and weight are bison marketed at?

A

24-30 months of age and at 1000 lbs

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17
Q

Where are the majority of bison found in canada?

A

Alberta

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18
Q

How many bison in a herd on avg?

A

120

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19
Q

What are the challenges in bison feeding?

A

Browsers so challenge for feeding grain

20
Q

When do bison calve?

A

april-may

21
Q

What must you remember about bison farms in terms of structure?

A

Have strong fencing

22
Q

How much hair comes off of an alpaca per year?

A

5-10 lbs

23
Q

What are the two types of alpaca in the industry?

A

Huacaya - fluffy
Suri - no crimp

24
Q

What are the names for a male/female/young alpaca?

A

Crea = young alpaca
Hembra = female alpaca
Macho = male alpaca

25
Q

What are some characteristics of alpaca wool?

A

Strong, lightweight, fine, warm, oil-free

26
Q

What are the two cooperations that produce alpaca wool?

A

Alpaca fibre cooperative of ontario
Alpaca fibre coop of north america

27
Q

What are two active associations in the alpaca industry?

A

Alpaca Canada
Alpaca Ontario

28
Q

What are the three uses of llamas?

A
  • guarding
  • meat
  • pets
29
Q

What are the challenges in the Alpaca industry?

A
  • high breeding stock prices
  • limited market values for value-added sales to artisans
  • producers often must do marketing
30
Q

What are the primary use of ostriches?

A

Raised for meat, leather, oil, feathers and eggs

31
Q

How much does an adult ostrich weigh?

A

115-165 kg

32
Q

How many eggs do ostrich hens lay per season

A

40-100

33
Q

When are the ostrich egg laying season?

A

feb to oct

34
Q

What are Emu’s and Rhea used for?

A

Oil, meat, leather

35
Q

Where are most emu and rhea’s in canada?

A

ontario

36
Q

What are minks raised for?

A

fur and oil

37
Q

When is mink breeding season?

A

early march

38
Q

What is the gestation period for minks?

A

40-75

39
Q

How many babies per mink birth?

A

5-6 kits

40
Q

How are minks euthanized?

A

carbon monoxide

41
Q

When is grading and pelting for minks?

A

november and december

42
Q

What type of diet do minks eat?

A

carnivores, 80%-90% of diet is meat or meat by-products

43
Q

What are some characteristics of mink housing?

A

long open sided sheds
natural and artifical light
natural ventilation
high biosecurity
no supplemental heat

44
Q

What are the auctions that mink pelts are auctioned off at?

A

North american fur auction
Rexdale

45
Q

Who are the auctions for mink trade owned by?

A

Canada Mink Breeders Association, Canada Fox breeders, American Mink Council, Wild Fur Shippers Council

46
Q

How are mink pelts graded?

A

Sex, size, colour, clarity, quality, damage

47
Q

What is the code of practice for mink welfare?

A

All pens must be enriched with hammock/shelf/platform

AGR 2350 - Second Half (5 decks)

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