Aquaculture Flashcards
What are the major reasons that aquaculture is important (6)?
healthy - healthy source
food - provides 20% of animal protein intake
economy
jobs
supply
What are the minor reasons that aquaculture is important (3)?
efficient
climate - low ghg emissions
resources
What are the challenges facing aquaculture(9)?
- fish in vs fish out (cycling no fish)
- diseases
- environmental: eutrophication
- resources
- marketing
- media coverage
- political bans
- cultural
- economics
What are the carnivorous (7) fish vs non carnivorous (3)
Carnivorous:
- salmons
- trouts
- catfish
- yellowtails
- Eels
- groupers
- sea breams
Non-Carnivorous:
- carps
- tilapias
- milkfish
What are the molluscs (6) ?
- mussels
- oysters
- clams
- scallops
- winkles
- abalone
What are the crustacea?
- shrimp
- crayfish
- prawns
- marine crabs
- lobsters
What are the plants?
- kelp
- irish moss
- laver
- eucheuma
- gracilaria
- wakame
What are the different finfish rearing systems?
- land
a. static (pond)
b. flow-through
c. recirculation - open
a. net-pen (cage)
b. IMTA
c. semi-closed
What are some site considerations?
- water
- watershed influences
- land
- site services
- distance to market
- security
- permits
- fish species
- climate
What are the advantages/disadvantages to ponds?
Advantages
cheap
easy to construct
utilize natural water flow
Disadvantages
low oxygen
off flavours
buildup of waste
difficult to treat disease
vulnerable to predators
What are the advantages/disadvantages of raceways?
Advantages
still cheap
easy to add equipments
moderate oxygen
easy to disinfect/harvest
Disadvantages
uses a lot of water
fish crow inflow
slow current buildup of waste
vulnerable to predators
What does RAS stand for?
Recirculation Aquaculture System
What is biological filtration and what is it used for?
Removes nitrogenous waste and nitrification which oxidizes ammonia and nitrate
What is the general production cycle for aquaculture?
(fall spawners)
- eggs fertilized in sept/dec
- eggs>fry>fingerlings
- market sized fish by earl fall sep/oct
- overwintered if want larger fish or spring spawners
What are the advantages/disadvantages of RAS?
Advantages:
- grow warmer fish
- increased fish growth year-round
- biosecurity
- minimize water use
- proximity to markets
- allows control/stability of environment
- marketing opportunities
Disadvantages:
- high initial investment
- high operating costs
- complexity and learning curve
- filtration failures
