NHS 1948 Flashcards
What was the primary factor influencing the extent and quality of medical treatment before 1911?
The wealth of the individual
What type of hospitals could wealthy individuals access for medical treatment?
Private hospitals
What was the experience of the poorest individuals regarding medical treatment before 1911?
They often suffered and died after ineffective self-medication
What were local Friendly Societies?
Health insurance schemes made affordable for most
What was the status of Friendly Society health insurance schemes?
Unregulated and non-compulsory
What could happen if a local Friendly Society collapsed?
Members could be unable to secure any treatment at all
Fill in the blank: Members of a Friendly Society make a small regular payment. When they need financial help, the Friendly Society pays out a _______.
lump sum
In what year was the National Health Service (NHS) created?
1948
What types of health services are included in the National Health Service?
Medical, dental, and mental health services
What was the post-war welfare state increasingly challenged by?
Changing social makeup of society and changing attitudes of political parties
True or False: The post-war welfare state was considered fit for purpose in the years following its establishment.
False
What does the question about the National Health Service require for a thorough response?
A discussion of the qualities of the post-war welfare state
What should be compared to understand the impact of the National Health Service’s creation?
Other factors such as changing social makeup and political attitudes
What did the National Insurance Act of 1911 provide?
The Act provided free medical care and 13 weeks’ sick pay for members.
It only applied to certain workers and did not cover workers’ families.
What was the Labour Party’s stance on healthcare?
The Labour Party argued strongly in favour of greater state provision for healthcare.
What influenced the Liberal government regarding healthcare?
The Liberal government was partly persuaded by warnings about ‘national efficiency’ and Britain’s ability to compete economically and militarily.
What was the impact of the Second World War on healthcare?
The Second World War fundamentally shifted political attitudes and people’s expectations about healthcare.
What was established within three years after the end of the Second World War?
A National Health Service (NHS) was established.
What challenges did the founders of the NHS face?
They faced the challenge of overcoming vested interests and imposing order on a confusing healthcare system.
What did the NHS create?
The NHS created a national institution with universal free treatment at the point of service.
What criticisms emerged regarding the NHS?
Criticisms emerged over the persistence of private healthcare and the management and cost of the NHS.
When was the Ministry of Health set up?
The Ministry of Health was set up in 1919.
What did the Local Government Act of 1929 establish?
It set up public health committees run by county councils and county boroughs.
What was provided by local authorities in 1934?
Local authorities provided health services, including medical care for schoolchildren.