Newton’s Laws Of Motion & Momentum Flashcards
What is Newton’s First Law?
A body will remain at rest or move with constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force
What is Newton’s Second Law?
The resultant force is equal to the rate of change in momentum
What is Newton’s Third Law?
If body A exerts a force on body B, the body B will exert a force on body A of equal magnitude but in the opposite direction
What are the requirements for Newtons 3rd Law?
- The pairs must act on different objects
- The pairs must be of the same type of force
What is momentum?
The product of mass and velocity
What is the equation for momentum?
p = mv
p = momentum (kg ms^-1)
m = mass (kg)
v = velocity (ms^-1)
What type of quantity is momentum?
Vector
What is the rate of change of momentum on a body equal to?
Net force
What is the force and momentum equation?
F = Δp / Δt
What is impulse?
The change in momentum
What is the area under a force-time graph equal to?
Impulse
What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after a collision, providing no external forces are acting
What is an external force?
Forces that act on a structure from outside
What is a closed system?
A system with no external forces acting upon it
If a ball is hitting a wall, what is change in momentum due to?
Horizontal velocities only
What is an elastic collison?
A collision where the kinetic energy is conserved
What is an inelastic collision?
Collision where the kinetic energy is not conserved
What is conserved for both elastic and inelastic collisions?
Momentum and total energy
How do p=mv and F =ma relate?
