Newly Industrialisng Countries Flashcards
When did China begin to industrialise?
1980s-1990s
Why did China begin to industrialise at that specific time?
Because it began to open itself up to the rest of the world after isolating itself and focusing upon internal affairs
What was the main focal point of China’s industrialisation?
Manufacturing (Secondary Industry)
Why was China an attractive country for foreign investment?
Cheap yet skilled labour that could be used to maximise profits of foreign countries
What countries had compass that invested into China?
Japan, USA, S. Korea, Taiwan
What specific industry was very large in China’s industrialisation period?
Car Manufacturing
What were the names of companies that invested into China?
Toyota, Volkswagen, Hyundai, Nissan
What car companies made a huge investment into China and what were the details of this investment?
Nissan, Toyota and Hyundai in 2002 invested a total of $3.4 Billion to try and produce 2 million cars by 2010 in China alone
What company is China the second biggest market for?
Volkswagen (Biggest is Germany)
What percentage of Chinese own a car?
12.5%
What is being done by China to improve and expand the car industry?
> Free Markets: Joining the WTO it reduced tariffs from 80% to 25% in 2006
Improving infrastructure: Beijing-Shanghai highway reduced length between two cities from 20-12 hours.
Improving Infrastructure: Increasing the amount of highway from 3000km in 1996 to 20,000 in 2002
How much FDI was there into China in 2002 and 2014?
2002 = $52.7 Billion 2014 = $128 Billion
In 2002 what percentage of world computers and bicycles did China produce?
50% =Computers
60% =Bicycles
In 2011 what percentage of world personal computers, cell phones and shoes did China produce?
96.6%= World Computers
70.6%= Cell Phones
63%= Shoes
What particular region of China is more affluent?
Coastal Regions
Why is the coastal region of China a place of greater foreign investment and subsequently richer?
1) Government Policies - Privatisation
2) Cheap and Skilled Labour
3) Superior Infrastructure
4) Geography (90% of trade passes through sea ports)
How many times more is the income of the Chinese population at the coast compared to the countryside?
3X
What is the name (spelling) of the place in China along the coast that hosts 4000 major companies such as Nokia and IBM?
Zhongguancan
What are the negatives of China’s industrialisation period?
1) Pollution
2) Cost of constantly renovating infrastructure to keep up
3) Resource shortage (Electricity blackouts in South and East due to supply of electricity being 5% less than demand)
4) Lack of water (25% less available than global average per capita)
What is the case study for an industrialising country that used services to develop?
India
When did India begin to industrialise?
1970s-1980s
How did India industrialise?
Using the service sector
What types of services were used to industrialise India?
Software, IT services, retailing, financial services, advertising
Why was India such an attractive foreign direct investment for services?
Workforce was skilled, English speaking and cheap
