Newborn Flashcards
What is considered the NEONATAL PERIOD?
The neonatal period is from birth through day 28 of life
What is the NEWBORN TRANSISITION PERIOD?
The newborn transition period is the adjustment to extra-uterine life and lasts 6-8 HOURS immediately after birth
Newborn Transition: Stage 1
Newborn Transition:
Stage 1 is the FRIST PERIOD OF REACTIVITY and lasts up to 30 MINUTES immediately after birth.
STAGE 1 of the newborn transition is characterized
STAGE ONE of the newborn transition is characterized by:
baby alert and awake
heart rate stabilizes
baby cries and moves
During stage 1 of the newborn transition, it is important to initiate __________
During stage 1 of the newborn transition, it is important to initiate BREASTFEEDING & BONDING
Newborn Transition: Stage 2
Newborn Transition:
Stage 2 is the PERIOD OF DECREASED RESPONSIVENESS and lasts 60-100 MINUTES
Newborn Transition: Stage 3
Newborn Transition:
Stage 3 is the 2ND PERIOD OF REACTIVITY and occurs between 4-8 HOURS after birth and lasts UP TO SEVERAL HOURS
What is meconium & when is it passed?
- Meconium is the first stool
- Meconium is usually passed during 3RD STAGE of the newborn transition
The newborn transition ends at __________ and when the newborn has stabilized to extra uterine life
The newborn transition ends at EIGHT HOURS and when the newborn has stabilized to extra uterine life
APGAR
_________ is positive
__________ needs intervention
__________ needs resuscitation
APGAR
7-10 is positive
4-6 needs intervention
0-3 needs resuscitation
For an APGAR score of 0 - 6, the nurse:
CALL THE NEWBORN RESUSCITATION TEAM!!!
Weight less than or equal to __________ is SGA
Weight less than or equal to 2500g is SGA (SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE)
Weight greater than or equal to __________ is LGA
Weight greater than or equal to 4000 g is LGA (LARGE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE)
Newborn assessment:
Head circumference is usually __________ taken at the __________
Newborn assessment:
Head circumference is usually 33-35 cm taken at the FRONT OCCIPITAL DIAMETER
Newborn assessment:
Chest circumference is usually __________ taken at the _________
Newborn assessment:
Chest circumference is usually 30-33 cm taken at the NIPPLE LINE
**chest should be smaller than head!
What is CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM?
CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM is an edematous area on the scalp that may extend across the suture lines. It is harmless and will resolve on its own.
What is CEPHALAHEMATOMA?
CEPHALAHEMATOMA is collections of blood between the skull and periosteum and does NOT cross the cranial suture line. It may appear 2-3 days after birth as a soft, fullness that does not pulsate or bulge when the baby cries.
What does a stool pattern look like in a newborn?
Meconium occurs in the first 24-48 hours
Transitional stools occur by the 3rd day of life
Milk stools occur after the 3rd or 4th day of life
Newborn voiding:
__________ voidings in first 2 days of life
__________ wet diapers/day by day 3
Newborn voiding:
2-6 voidings in first 2 days of life
6-8 wet diapers/day by day 3
Newborn’s can lose __________ of their birth weight in the 1st week.
Newborn’s can lose 7 - 10% of their birth weight in the 1st week.
In the __________, the toes spread out and the great toe comes forward.
In the BABINSKI REFLEX, the toes spread out and the great toe comes forward. (ok in babies)
What is TRUNCAL INCURVATION?
TRUNCAL INCURVATION is a newborn reflex that makes the baby curve toward the side that is being touched on their back
What is passive immunity? How is it recieved?
Passive immunity is immunity gained not made
The newborn receives PASSIVE IMMUNITY through placental transfer of IgG throughout pregnancy
Normal blood glucose range for newborn assessment is:
__________ mg/dl; then __________ by day 3 after birth
Normal blood glucose range for newborn assessment is:
55-60 mg/dl; then GREATER THAN 70 by day 3 after birth
The first period of reactivity in newborn transition extends to 8 hours after birth and is characterized by stabilization to extrauterine life. True or false.
False
The first period of reactivity lasts up to 30 minutes after birth and is characterized by alertness. Interventions include initiating breastfeeding and facilitating bonding
At 1 minute after birth an infant has a heart rate of 94, weak cry, some flexion of extremities, grimace, and pink body with blue extremities. What is the priority action of the nurse?
- Place the infant skin to skin with the mother
- Reassess the infant at 5 minutes after birth
- Apply the infant safety monitor
- Call for the neonatal resuscitation team
At 1 minute after birth an infant has a heart rate of 94, weak cry, some flexion of extremities, grimace, and pink body with blue extremities. What is the priority action of the nurse?
Call for the neonatal resuscitation team
Slight nasal flaring with a respiratory rate of 24 are expected findings in the term neonate. True or false.
False
Nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress. The respiratory rate of 24 is also too low for the neonate and also indicates distress
The nurse’s assessment of an infant 1 hour after birth reveals a fluid filled area on the scalp that crosses suture lines. What education does the nurse provide the parents? Select all that apply.
- Your baby will need a blood test to determine bilirubin levels
- This swelling may take up to 6 weeks to completely resolve
- The baby’s scalp has a small amount of swelling
- The swelling is caused by the baby’s head resting on the cervix during birth
- This swelling typically resolves without causing problems
The nurse’s assessment of an infant 1 hour after birth reveals a fluid filled area on the scalp that crosses suture lines. What education does the nurse provide the parents? Select all that apply.
- The baby’s scalp has a small amount of swelling
- The swelling is caused by the baby’s head resting on the cervix during birth
- This swelling typically resolves without causing problems
A short lingual frenulum is an expected finding in the term neonate. True or false.
False
A short lingual frenulum can significantly interfere with breastfeeding and bottle feeding. A surgical procedure may be required. Promptly notifying the health care provider is required.
By the third day of life, the term neonate should have 6-8 wet diapers per day. True or false.
True
During the first 2 days of life, the newborn should have 2-6 voidings on each day. For each day after the second day of life, the infant should have 6-8 wet diapers
The term neonate is expected to lose up to what percentage of weight following birth?
5%
15%
10%
20%
The term neonate is expected to lose up to what percentage of weight following birth?
10%
What reflexes are expected in the term infant? Select all that apply.
Mittelshmerz Moro Sleep Rooting Bicycle Plantar Babinski
What reflexes are expected in the term infant? Select all that apply.
Moro
Rooting
Plantar
Babinski
Physiological jaundice of the newborn is a common finding in term newborns and is visible during the first 24 hours after birth. True or false.
False
Physiological jaundice occurs in approximately 60% of term newborns but occurs on days 2-3 after birth. It typically subsides within 2-4 weeks.
What comfort measures are appropriate for the infant experiencing a circumcision procedure? Select all that apply.
- Provide oral sucrose solution on a pacifier.
- Apply a warming pack to the diaper after the procedure.
- Prepare supplies for lidocaine injection by the provider of care.
- Swaddle the upper body.
- Clean the area with alcohol every 4 hours.
- Apply topical lidocaine before the procedure as ordered.
What comfort measures are appropriate for the infant experiencing a circumcision procedure? Select all that apply.
- Provide oral sucrose solution on a pacifier.
- Prepare supplies for lidocaine injection by the provider of care.
- Swaddle the upper body.
- Apply topical lidocaine before the procedure as ordered.
