NEW TESTAMENT: General Flashcards
Name the general divisions of the New Testament
Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
History: Acts
Epistles: Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude
Apocalyptic: Revelation
Which are the “prison epistles”?
Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon
Which are the “pastoral epistles”?
1/2 Timothy, Titus
Which are the “catholic” or “general” epistles?
James, 1/2 Peter, 1/2/3 John, Jude
What are the distinctive features of Matthew?
An emphasis on Christ’s kingship (Davidic initially progressing to universal) and a Jewish character indicating they were its initial audience. Consider: the genealogy, no explanation of ceremonial washings, an emphasis on the kingdom (but a favoring of the term kingdom of heaven (33 times) over kingdom of God (4 times); Jesus called the son of David (9 times in Matthew, 3 in Mark and Luke and 0 in John); numerous (65) quotes or allusions to the OT.
What are the distinctive features of Mark?
The shortest of the gospels, Mark places an emphasis on Christ’s humanity. Christ’s activity is prominent (the word euyuv, meaning immediately is used 40 times) particularly his service and suffering. Also there is special attention given to his emotions: compassion, severity, anger, sorrow, tenderness, and love.
What are the distinctive features of Luke?
The longest gospel (and longest book in the NT). Luke is the most comprehensive: giving fuller information on Christ’s infancy and childhood; his genealogy goes all back to Adam; there is an account of the ascension (not in the other synoptics). He emphasis prayer (11 of Christ’s 15 prayers are in Luke). There is an emphasis on the ministry of the Holy Spirit: Jesus was full of the Holy Spirit and lead into the wilderness (4:1); anointed for His work by (4:14, 17-21); offered prayer while rejoicing in (10:21-22); instructed his disciples to wait for power from on high (24:49).
What are the distinctive features of John?
The non synoptic gospel. It records a total of about 20 days of Christ’s life (chapters 13-19 narrate a single day). John places an emphasis on Christ’s incarnate deity: He begins with Christ preexistent state and incarnation; he uses many abstract concepts (light/darkness, life, truth); his frequent use of the titles Son of God and Son of man (or just son); the “I am” titles: I am the bread of life; living bread; light of the world; the door of the sheep; good shepherd; the resurrection and the life; the way the truth and the life; true vine; and “Before Abraham was, I am.”
Outline the life of Christ
- Birth (Mw. 1-2; Lk 1-2; Jn 1)
- Preparation for ministry (Mw. 3-4; Mk 1:1-13; Lk 3-4; Jn 1:19-2:12)
- Public ministry (Mw 4-20; Mk 1-10; Lk 4-19; Jn 2-12)
- Triumphal Entry, Passion, Resurrection, and Ascension (Mw 21-28; Mk 11-16; Lk 19-24; Jn 12-21; Acts 1)
What are the basic elements found in each of the sermons recorded in Acts?
- Narrative of Jesus ministry and passion.
- Divine attestation of His Messiahship in the resurrection, of which the speakers are eyewitnesses
- Testimony from the OT proving Jesus to be the Messiah.
- An exhortation to repentance and faith.
Relate the writing of the Pauline epistles to the life of Paul.
At Damascus A.D. 37-40 First Missionary Journey 45-47 Second Journey 51-53 Wrote: First Thessalonians 52 Second Thessalonians 52 Third Journey 54-58 Wrote: First Corinthians 57 Second Corinthians 57 Galatians 55-57 Romans 57-58 Imprisonment in Judea 58-60 Voyage to Rome 60-61 Imprisonment in Rome 61-63 Wrote: Ephesians 62 Philippians 62 Colossians 62 Philemon 63 Post-Imprisonment Journeys 63-67 Wrote: First Timothy 64-65 Titus 64-65 Second Roman imprisonment 66 Wrote: Second Timothy 66-67
Locate and discuss at least two passages which deal with law and grace
- Galatians 2:11-21: Paul takes the opportunity of Peter’s sin regarding the ceremonial law to make a point with the Galatians. He uses strong language to show that law keeping can never lead to justification: “Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified’ (16).” He goes on to make clear that such right living (“I might live unto God” v. 19) is only done by faith in the son of God, which is of grace. Thus our law keeping is a fruit of our right standing with God, born of our union with Christ – not the grounds by which we come to God. For “if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain, (21).”
- Romans 3:19-26 - Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God. Therefore by the deeds of the law no flesh will be justified in His sight, for by the law is the knowledge of sin. But now the righteousness of God apart from the law is revealed, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets, even the righteousness of God, through faith in Jesus Christ, to all and on all who believe. For there is no difference; for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God set forth as a propitiation by His blood, through faith, to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance God had passed over the sins that were previously committed, to demonstrate at the present time His righteousness, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.
Name, locate, and briefly discuss three of Jesus’ parables
- Parable of the Wheat and the Tares: Matthew 13 (exclusive to Matthew). The field is the world (not the church); the wheat are the sons of the kingdom and the tares are the “sons of the evil one.” God permits both to coexist and grow “until the harvest” (13:30). Only at the end, not prematurely, will the kingdom come and the wicked be separated from the righteous, when the Son of Man will send out his angels to separate the wheat and cast it into the fiery furnace.”
- The Parable of The Mustard Seed (Mt. 13). In comparison to its small beginnings, to its end, the kingdom of heaven will grow to such an extent that it will be a blessing in the earth. The emphasis is on the size of its beginning in comparison to its full potential or zenith.
- The house built upon the rock: Matthew 7 and Luke 6. Christ presents His authoritative teaching and person (He who can declare the full meaning of the law because He is its author) as the only sure ground upon which to build one’s life. Any other foundation will crumble in the storms of trial and judgment.
- The Parable of the Rich Fool. Luke 12. The context of this parable is that of contentment and covetousness. The main point of the parable is that it is far better to be rich toward God than to be rich with the things of this world, which we cannot take with us.
Name, locate, and briefly discuss three of Jesus’ miracles.
- The healing of a paralytic: Matthew 9, Mark 2, and Luke 2. By this (and other signs) Jesus demonstrated that His claims to power were justified. Specifically here, He justifies His claim to be able to forgive sins by a demonstration of power (over paralysis). He shows that he has power to forgive sins upon the earth
- The healing of a shriveled hand: Matthew 9, Mark 3, and Luke 6. This miracle was performed on a Sabbath and served as opportunity to refute the Pharisees shriveled view of the Sabbath (my pun – feel free to ignore). Jesus shows that God never intended the law to restrict compassion. Further, the entire scene demonstrates that Jesus is the Lord of the Sabbath.
- The Raising of Lazarus: John 11. Earlier in the chapter Jesus used Lazarus’ death as an occasion to declare Himself the resurrection and life. This could cannot be mistaken as rhetorical flourish or symbolism when shortly thereafter he calls forth a dead man from his tomb.
- The Ten Lepers: Luke 17. In this parable only one of ten lepers who were healed return to give thanks to Jesus, and he was a Samaritan. True grace prompts true thanksgiving. It also shows that the grace of God is not limited to the Jews.
What Gospels record the genealogy of Jesus?
Mw 1, Lk 3
Who was Levi?
Mw 9:9; Matthew the Tax Collector
Jesus’ temptation
Mw 4; Lk 4; Mk 1
