New Science Test Flash Card Stuff

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

Question 2

Response

Answer 2

a reaction to something.

Question 3

Nerve Impulse

Answer 3

a signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. It consists of a wave of electrical depolarization that reverses the potential difference across the nerve cell membranes.

Question 4

Neurons

Answer 4

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.

Question 5

Synapse

Answer 5

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

Question 6

Reflex

Answer 6

an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought.

Question 7

Gland

Answer 7

an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body

Question 8

Duct

Answer 8

a tube or passageway in a building or machine for air, liquid, cables

Question 9

Hormone

Answer 9

a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.

Question 10

Target Cells

Answer 10

a cell which bears receptors for a hormone, drug, or other signaling molecule

Question 11

Negative Feedback

Answer 11

the diminution or counteraction of an effect by its own influence on the process giving rise to it, as when a high level of a particular hormone in the blood may inhibit further secretion of that hormone

Question 12

Fertilization

Answer 12

the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.

Question 13

Testes

Answer 13

an organ which produces spermatozoa (male reproductive cells).

Question 14

Testosterone

Answer 14

a steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Question 15

Ovaries

Answer 15

a female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair.

Question 16

Fallopian tube

Answer 16

either of a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 17

Uterus

Answer 17

the organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb.

Question 18

Estrogen

Answer 18

any of a group of steroid hormones which promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics of the body.

Question 19

Menstrual cycle

Answer 19

the process of ovulation and menstruation in women and other female primates.

Question 20

Menstruation

Answer 20

the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about one lunar month from puberty until menopause, except during pregnancy.

Question 21

Ovulation

Answer 21

discharge of ova or ovules from the ovary.