New movements in theology 2 Flashcards
where does evangelical christianity come from
18th century protestantism roots
what does evangelical Christianity want to do
renew effect of Jesus’ good new
why is evangelical Christianity less focused on academic theology
this is shared with Pentecostalism and charismatic christianity
more focused on literature that’s closer to Jesus’ teachings
why is evangelical Christianity critical of the modern world
bcos it opposes divorce, homosexuality and feminism
A McGrath’s 4 main features of evangelical Christianity
- strong biblical emphasis
- gives weight to Jesus’ saving death on the cross
- personal conversion, ‘born again’
- committed to converting others
Impact of evangelical Christianity (2)
influential in current Christianity due to strong beliefs in Bible and Holy Spirit of God
impact in Africa due to slaves being in origination of Evangelical Christianity in US, 18 19 and 20th century
Limitations of evangelical Christianity (2)
opposing divorce can be harmful
doesn’t fit in with modern day views
Success of evangelical Christianity
not political, just converting souls, helps fit capitalist society
When did Pentecostalism start and explain
start of 1900s
early Christian communities to the Pentecost (when the Holy Spirit first descended)
Pentecostalism bible quote
“And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance” Acts 2:4
What is the gift of the Holy Spirit
glossolalia (tongues)
What did Parnham do
made a connection between glossolalia and baptism in the in Holy Spirit, ‘born again’ accompanied by speaking in tongues, prophecies, exorcism and healing
what religion does Pentecostalism follow and how (4)
Evangelicalism hostile to liberal christianity uses Bible heavily believes a second coming of Christ less emphasis on academic theology
how is Pentecostalism set apart
by the experience of these ‘gifts of the Holy Spirit’ and the emphasis on them as opposed to church doctrine or sacraments
what does Pentecostalism worship focus on (3)
experience as opposed to church structures
takes place for example in tents, shops and garages
oral movement, stories and songs, don’t need high levels of literacy so appeal in poverty stricken areas
straight forward guidelines with profound personal experience
Pentecostalism spread
spread rapidly through US, then a base was created so it could spread worldwide
at the same time Pentecostalism Christian Revival in Wales, and founding of that style in Africa
Pentecostalism compared to traditional Christian denominations
sits on margin of traditional Christian denominations
what religion is similar to Pentecostalism
Charismatic Christianity
when did Charismatic Christianity develop
post 1960s, since then, there has been a global charismatic upsurge
what is Charismatic Christianity a combination of
tradition and modernity: solutions of modern life problems and breaks free from traditional Christianity
what is offered to all in Charismatic Christianity
the gift of the Holy Spirit
focus and congregations of Charismatic Christianity
egalitarian (equality) and offers confidence
focuses on experience, academia not required
congregations are supportive cohesive and offers aid
why was there an impact on upsurge in Christianity
- share profound sense of mission and spreads a powerful message of personal salvation and conversion
- marginalised groups in movement were spread, new countries so new opportunities
what about world international immigrants and which religions did this impact
2012, Christianity = 49%
pentacostalism and charismatic Christianity
emergence of the two religions lead to what growth (P and CC)
massive growth in Africa, shift from Europe
led Growth of African and European countries
What happens when people travel in terms of Christianity
they bring Christianity with them
some of the largest congregations in Europe are African founded
How many Pentecostals are there in the world
approx 500mil spread globally
what challenges has Christianity had, with secularisation and modernisation from what christianity in terms of the three theologies
liberation and its emphasis on the poor
black who wanted to redefine christianity
feminist and its greater equality
- impacted Christians wold wide, forced a review on churches and emphasis to help the poor
what was the most significant change and why
evangelicalism, Pentecostalism and charismatic christianity
led to new churches worldwide
