new media- recorded music Flashcards
1924:
Radio play of music leads to decline by half in record sales
1877:
Thomas Edison introduces the speaking phonograph
1940:
Frank Sinatra becomes the first modern teen music and radio idol
1951:
“rocket 88” is the first rock song
When were studio recordings introduced?
1956
When did the MTV music channel appear on cable tv?
1981
1982
CDs revolutionize “record” sales
When did napster introduce Internet file sharing?
1999
2003
Apple introduces iTunes and iPod and legal Internet sales of music take off
2007
Companies start to sell digital music without copy protection
In the late 1800s and 1900s what did inventors create I. An attempt to reproduce music for the public?
Nickelodeons
What is a nickelodeon?
A phonograph or player piano operated by inserting a coin, originally a nickel
When did lippincott start putting coin operated phonographs in penny arcades?
1890
When and what did the victor talking machine company introduce? Why was this so significant?
1906, the home victrola (the trade name for an early phonograph. Like Kleenex is to facial tissues). Now people could listen to recorded music in their homes
What was the most popular music in the 1930’s and 40’s? Name 3 artists
Big band, Glenn miller, guy Lombardo and tommy Dorsey
What other musical genres began to emerge?
Gospel, blues, and blue grass
Who wrote and performed rocket 88? And who got the credit for it?
Ike turned and his kings of rhythm but credit went to Jackie Brenston and the delta cats
What made the record industry slump?
WWII
What happened in 1947 that made music editing easier?
The Minnesota mining and manufacturing company (3M) introduced magnet tape. It also improved sound fidelity, and reduced costs
What did columbia introduce in 1948 & 1949?
Large 33 1/3 rpm long-playing recording and RCA introduced the smaller 45 rpm record
How does magnetic Recording work?
The tape passes over a recording head (an electomagnet) that rearranges the magnetic fields on the tape according to an electric current produced by a microphone. When playing back the tape runs over another e.magnet head which responding to the patterns stored on the tape and generates another modulated current that is sent to a loudspeaker.
After 1970, what did recording companies and fm radio stations do?
They began to diversify into distinct rock formats like album oriented rock, top 40, heavy metal, and adult contemporary
When did CDs begin to emerge?
1982
When did retail distribution and radio stations begin to move to the Internet?
1990s
When did copyright fees for music imposed in Internet radio stations?
2002
What did copyright companies do in 2000 to force free music exchanges to stop?
They used lawsuits, basing them on copyright violations
When did apple open the iTunes store?
2003
What are record labels?
Particular names for a group of recordings which usually represent a consistent type of music. One company may own several labels
What rears the 4 big companies that dominate the music industry?
Universal (28.6%)
Sony BMG (Bertelsmann Music Group- 20.1%)
Warner (14.1%)
Emi (electric & musical industries- 10.9%)
How much market share do independent labels have?
26.3%
