New Media Culture- Brief TV History Flashcards
John Logie Baird succeeded in demonstrating what?
the transmission of moving silhouette images in London in 1925, and of moving, monochromatic images in 1926
Philo Farnsworth made the world’s first what in 1927?
working television system with electronic scanning of both the pickup and display devices.
True or False: WRGB is the oldest television station
True (founded on January 13, 1928)
Where and when was TV first seen by the general public?
In 1939, at the New York World’s Fair
In the 1940’s there were 5 networks of radio stations, what were they?
National Broadcasting Company (NBC) Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) Mutual Broadcasting System Armed Forces American Forces Radio Service American Broadcasting Company (ABC)
Who was the first station to start regualr programming?
The National Broadcasting Company (NBC)
What was the name of their popular show and who hosted it?
Texaco Star Theatre, and Milton Berle
What kind of show was it?
a variety show of comedy and dramatic sketches with musical acts
What did the FCC do (in the states) to slow the sudden rush of new stations? (think radio) When did they do this? when did it end?
They announced a “temporary” freeze on New TV stations in 1948. continued until 1952
When did the CBC first begin broadcasting?
September 6, 1952 from its Montreal, Quebec station CBFT
When was teh “Golden Age of TV”?
1948 to 1955
what two ways are TV ratings measured?
1.Diaries kept by household members.
(or)
2.Set-top Boxes called Set Meters which constantly send back viewing information to the company.
How is the information they gather using this system broken down?
1.Ratings Points- The number of people watching a particular show
(or)
2.Ratings Shares- The percentage of the TV viewing audience out there watching a show.
So then how are the ratings themselves broken down?
by age, gender, and other demographics
what is the most prized age range for Advertisers?
18-49
What are Sweep periods?
4 months out of the year that are used for determining how much a show’s airtime is worth
When are these Swwep Months?
February, May, July and November (roughly)
TV show profitability is generally based on two major factors:
- How much advertisers are willing to pay for commercial spots when it airs.
- Cost of producing the show in the first place
What did Movie studios do in order to replace the revenue they’d lost from the rise of TV?
rushed to produce new shows recycling the sets, costumes, minor actors, and crews from their Movies. (Westerns)
In the early 1970s, the government brought in new rules to fight network power. The were:
- In 1970, the Prime Time Access Rule said that the 7pm to 8pm slot could no longer be filled with network programming.
- In 1975, the Justice Department put limits on the amount of in-house programming the Networks could produce, forcing them to buy content from outside sources. (ie The Movie Studios.)
In the US, Cable TV had been limited in 1966, but in 1972 that limitation was struck down, allowing new Cable TV Companies to start to form. What staion took advantage of this and what did they do with it?
Home Box Office (HBO) to form the first national Pay-TV Network
When did CNN Start Broadcasting?
June 1st, 1980
When did MTV start broadcasting?
August 1st, 1981
When did FOX become the 4th network (1-ABC, 2- CBS, 3-NBC) and what kind of shows did they produce?
Oct 9th, 1986, and Married…With Children, 21 Jump Street, the Tracey Ullman Show, and later The Simpsons
