New material for Final Part 1 Flashcards
What is the term for an infection of the skin, subQ fat, or connective tissue?
cellulitis
What is the term for infection of bone marrow?
osteomyelitis
What is septic arthritis?
infection of a joint (synovial tissue, articular surfaces)
What are the 4 “S” Joints that are most prone to infection?
spine, SI, symphysis pubis and sternoclavicular
What is the most common organism responsible for infection?
Staph Aureus (90%)
T/F: Heel sticks in infants, pneumonia, and UTIs are common modes of infection.
True
What is the mot common route of dissemination?
hematogenous
T/F: Infants and young children with acute infections will show decreased ESR levels.
False; increased
Describe the infantile pattern of vascular anatomy in infected bones.
metaphyseal and diaphyseal vessels may penetrate the physis (septic arthritis and osteomyelitis)
T/F: In adults with bone infections, metaphyseal vessel penetrate the vanishing physis, reestablishing communication with the subarticular bone end.
True
T/F: Growth plates inhibit the spread of infection but only those that spread hematogenously.
true
MC areas for venous stasis?
Knee, hip, ankle (distal tibia), shoulder,and spine
K HASS
Who is most likely to get venous stasis?
elderly and diabetics
2 major categories of infections?
suppurative (pus) and non-suppurative (TB)
What is the term for a bone marrow infection by a (pyogenic) non-tubercular organism which is most commonly caused by Staph Aureus?
Suppurative Osteomyelitis (anything BUT TB)
What other organisms may cause suppurative osteomyelits other than Staph Aureus?
Strep. Pneumoniae, E. Coli, and Pseudomonas
Edema, lymphadenopathy, warm skin, cellulitis, and joint pain. What does this sound like?
acute infection
What are the 4 radiographic stages of bone infection?
Latent/hidden stage (1-10 days) Early stage (10-21 days) Middle stage (weeks) Late Stage (weeks)
At which radiographic stage of bone infection will you see osteopenia and soft tissue edema which make the infection resemble tumors?
Early stage (tumors and infections both push fat/fascial planes out of place but this resolves over time with infections as the soft tissue planes are obliterated)
At which radiographic stage of bone infection will you see a periosteal response and/or a solid codman’s triangle?
Middle stage
At which radiographic stage of bone infection will you see permeative or lytic moth-eaten destruction (that may cross anatomical barriers)?
Middle stage
What are the 3 patterns of one destruction?
geographic, moth eaten, and permeative
What pattern of bone destruction is usually the least aggressive, slow-growing, has a short zone of transition, and typically has a well-defined margin?
Geographic
Which pattern of bone destruction is moderately aggressive, has a longer zone of transition than geographic, a poorly defined margin, and consists of numerous small holes?
Moth-eaten
