new kingdom Egypt Flashcards
who was Hatshepsut
greatest female Pharoah
erased from history by stepson. Thutmose III
had no sons to take over after death
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
rises from the valley floor in three column-lined terraces connected by ramps on the central axis
The long horizontals and verticals of the colonnades and their rhythm of light and dark repeat the pattern of the limestone cliffs above
temple incorporated shrines to Amen, whom she claimed was her father, and to Hathor and Anubis
Hatshepsut with offering jars, from the upper court of her mortuary temple
earlier statue of her depicted as male
King and queen of Punt and attendants, relief from the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
woman in middle not in canon
documenting Hatshepsut’s successful expedition to Punt
bare-chested men carry the local goods that the Egyptians will load onto their ships. Leading the procession are two figures that art historians traditionally identify as the king and queen of Punt
Facade of the temple of Ramses II, Abu Simbel
not very detailed
to save the Nubian monument from submersion in the Aswan High Dam reservoir, engineers cut the temple into sections and reassembled it nearly 700 feet away
columns inside Ramses temple
made to look like him to proclaim his greatness
Aerial view of the temple of Amen-Re (looking east), Karnak
city of temples
each Pharoah adds to it
Columns and clerestory of the hypostyle hall of the temple of Amen-Re, Karnak
imagery is present
used natural lighting
not a lot of open space
Senenmut with Princess Nefrura
block statue
Hatshepsut’s chancellor holds the queen’s daughter in his “lap” and envelops her in his cloak. New Kingdom block statues exhibit a more radical simplification of form than do Old Kingdom statues.
spirit can go into
Fowling scene, from the tomb of Nebamun
fresco secco (dry plaster)
Nebamun standing in his boat, flushing birds from a papyrus swamp
The hieroglyphic text beneath his left arm says that Nebamun is enjoying recreation in his eternal afterlife
Musicians and dancers, detail of a mural from the tomb of Nebamun
depicts a celebration
family would go back to the tomb every year to celebrate life
A second fresco in Nebamun’s tomb represents a funerary banquet in which the artist experimented with frontal views of faces and bodies—a relaxation of the Old Kingdom’s strict rules of representation.
Akhenaton, colossal statue from the temple of Aton, Karnak
retains the standard frontal pose of traditional Egyptian royal portraits
has masc and fem features
Akhenaton initiated both religious and artistic revolutions. This androgynous figure is a deliberate reaction against tradition. It may be an attempt to portray the pharaoh as Aton, the sexless sun disk.
who is Akhenaton
abandoned the worship of most of the Egyptian gods in favor of Aton, identified with the sun disk, whom the pharaoh declared to be the universal and only god
deleted the name of Amen from all inscriptions and even from his own name and that of his father
Thutmose, bust of Nefertiti, from Amarna
painted limestone
deliberately not finished
portrays Akhenaton’s influential wife as an elegant beauty with a thoughtful expression and a long, delicately curved neck
Portrait of Tiye, from Ghurab
mom of Akenhaton
This portrait of Akhenaton’s mother is carved of dark yew wood, possibly to match the queen’s complexion. During her son’s reign, the tall gold crown with the sun disk and cow horns was added.
Akhenaton and Nefertiti with their three daughters, from Amarna,
body distortion?
In this sunken relief, the Amarna artist provided a rare intimate look at the royal family in a domestic setting. Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three of their daughters bask in the life-giving rays of Aton, the sun disk.
Innermost coffin of Tutankhamen
The boy-king Tutankhamen owes his fame today to his treasure-laden tomb. His mummy was encased in three nested coffins. The innermost one, made of gold, portrays the pharaoh as Osiris.
not big tomb
died at 18
only tomb not disturbed
made of gold
Tuts death mask
suspected fould play in death
2 pieces
false beard
spell from book of dead on back
less deformed
Painted chest, from the tomb of Tutankhamen
position as king required that artists represent him as a conqueror, and he appears as a victorious general on a painted wood chest
In this representation of Tutankhamen triumphing over Asian enemies, the artist contrasted the orderly registers of Egyptian chariots with the chaotic pile of foreign soldiers who fall before the king.
Taharqo as a sphinx, from temple T, Kawa
The Nubian kings who ruled Egypt during the 25th Dynasty adopted traditional Egyptian statuary types, such as the sphinx, but sculptors incorporated the Kushite pharaohs’ distinctly African features.
Portrait statue of Mentuemhet, from Karnak
Mentuemhet was the Fourth Prophet (priest) of Amen
responsible for restoring the temples the Assyrians had razed
Mentuemhet’s portrait combines a realistic face with an idealized body. The costume and pose, however, differ only slightly from Old Kingdom statuary, a testimony to the longevity of stylistic modes in Egypt.
