Mediterranean world in late antiquity

Question 1

Answer 1

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, from Rome

Depicts stories from the bible

Daniel and the lions den, Adam and Eve, etc

Question 2

Answer 2

Interior of the synagogue, Dura-Europos

abandoned

images from ot

Question 3

Answer 3

Samuel anoints David

mural in synagogue

David one in front with different colored cloak

samuel is the biggest one

Question 4

Answer 4

Restored cutaway view of the Christian community house

Church

wealthy Christian would turn home into church

Question 5

Answer 5

Ark of the Covenant and two menorahs, painted wall in a Jewish catacomb

became more popular to bury dead

could not bury inside the city

created catacombs

Question 6

Answer 6

The Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants, frescoed ceiling of a cubiculum in the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus

Christian catacomb paintings often mixed Old and New Testament themes. Jonah was a popular subject because he emerged safely from a sea monster after three days, prefiguring Christ’s resurrection.

Question 7

Answer 7

Sarcophagus with philosopher, orant, and Old and New Testament scenes

This Early Christian sarcophagus depicts the salvation of Jonah, Christ as Good Shepherd, and the baptism of Christ. The two figures with unfinished heads were to become portraits of the deceased.

Question 8

Answer 8

Christ as the Good Shepherd

Although freestanding images of Christ were uncommon in Late Antiquity, several statuettes exist representing the Good Shepherd. The patrons were probably recent converts to Christianity.

Question 9

Answer 9

Christ seated

no beard

Question 10

Answer 10

old Saint Peter’s Basilica

Built by Constantine

stood over Saint Peter’s grave. The building’s plan and elevation resemble those of Roman basilicas, not temples

Question 11

Answer 11

Old Saint Peter’s closely followed the plan of a Roman basilica and had a 300-foot-long nave with flanking aisles leading to an apse, but unlike other early churches, it also had a transept and an atrium.

Question 12

what made up old saint peter’s basilica?

Answer 12

Nave (center)

Aisles

Transept (going in other direction, made to look like a cross)

Apse (barrel section from Roman design)

Narthex (lobby)

Atrium

Question 13

Answer 13

Interior of Santa Costanza

Its central plan, featuring a domed interior, would become the preferred form for Byzantine churches.

Question 14

Answer 14

Santa Costanza has antecedents in the domed temples and mausolea of the Romans, but its plan, with a circle of 12 pairs of columns and a vaulted ambulatory, is new.

Question 15

Answer 15

Mosaic in the ambulatory vault of Santa Costanza

Depicts grape harvesting

the scenes evoked the Eucharist and Christ’s blood.

Question 16

Answer 16

Old Farmer of Corycus, folio 7 verso of the Vatican Vergil

Oldest ancient illustrated illuminated manuscript

Would originally have 440 leaves and 280 pictures

written by one scribe but 3 different painters painted the pictures in it

Question 17

Codex

Answer 17

Earliest book that was made of wood

Romans were the first to bind books

Question 18

Answer 18

Ivory carving

The suicide of Judas and Crucifixion of Christ

1st example of a crucifix

lack of realism, Christ is smiling while dying

“King of Jews” is written at the top

made for more wealthy and private forms of devotion

no beard

Question 20

Answer 20

woman sacrificing at an altar

always had to be willing to pay offerings to the gods, and many Christians were persecuted because of this

Question 21

Answer 21

The Parting of Abraham and Lot

mosaic in the nave of Santa Maria

fighting over farmland

Question 22

Answer 22

Christ as Good Shepherd, mosaic from the entrance (north) wall of the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

no beard

holding a cross

Question 23

Answer 23

The miracle of the Loaves and Fishes, mosaic from the top register of the nave wall

feeding the 5000

no beard, but has a halo