New and Emerging technologies Flashcards
Section A practise
INDUSTRY
What does automation enable?
it enables repetitive tasks to be performed by mechanised assembly lines rather than by a human. This helps speed up production
INDUSTRY
What are robots used for?
to do a series of complex movements or work where they can substitute humans e.g. hazardous environments
INDUSTRY
What are some advantages to Automation and Robotics?
- Increased efficiency and speed of production
- Accurate and consistent output
- Reduced labour costs and can work 24/7
- They can work in a variety of environments
INDUSTRY
What are some disadvantages to Automation and Robotics?
- They replace workforces leading to job losses
- No human input of decision making
- Up-skilled workforce to maintain the robots
- Expensive upfront cost
ENTERPRISE
what is crowd funding?
use of small quantities of capital from many individuals to finance new business ventures such as by venture capitalists
ENTERPRISE
What is a cooperative
it is an enterprise commonly owned and run by its members who could be employees or customers for more democracy in the business
ENTERPRISE
what is fair trade
Fair trade is about better prices, working conditions and fair terms for farmers and workers in less developed Countries for quality of life on products such as chocolate
SUSTAINABILITY
What are finite resources?
They are recourses that are in limited supply and are being used quicker than can be replaced. This should be avoided. E.g fossil fuels
SUSTAINABILITY
What are non-finite resources?
They are recourses in abundant supply and will not run out ; can be grown/replaced at same rate they are used
SUSTAINABILITY
What is a life cycle assessment?
It is a way for companies to assess the environmental impact of a product during the different stages of a products life
Extraction, manufacturing, Distribution, Use and End of life
ENVIRONMENT
What causes global warming?
Carbon dioxide and other pollutants that collect in the atmosphere
PEOPLE
Why do products need to be altered across the World?
people have different needs and tastes and successful products may not be successful everywhere
PEOPLE
Why are methods to improve efficiency and productivity are adopted ?
They are adopted by businesses to reduce costs, energy usage and impacts on the environment
PEOPLE
What is a ‘technology push’?
It is when new technology becomes available designers will utilise it to improve products and be more competitive in the market or cheaper.
PEOPLE
What is ‘Market pull’?
When the market needs a product designers will make something to meet the demand e.g. lower energy lights
PEOPLE
Why do job roles change over time?
due to technology changing such as automation which often reduces manual labour
CULTURE
How do fashion and trends influence?
Consumers want to buy into a lifestyle especially with the rise of social media
SOCIETY
Why is an inclusive design ideal?
Why do designers implement it?
Because it allows the design can be used by as many people as possible regardless of gender, age or disabilities
Designers implement it due to the possibility of more users increasing sales
PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES AND SYSTEMS - Manufacturing methods
What is a flexible manufacturing system?
It is a method of production designed to easily adapt to changes in the quantity or type of product being manufactured. Can be used to manage stock according to demand.
PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES AND SYSTEMS - Manufacturing methods
What is Lean manufacturing?
It is manufacturing that focuses on minimising waste and improving efficiency which is in turn cost saving and reduces the use of recourses
PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES AND SYSTEMS
What is Just in Time production?
Advantages & Disadvantages
It is a production method that responds to customer demand. By closely monitoring stock
Products are made to order, saving on storage space needed
More factory space for other activities
Supply chain must be reliable and fast
No bulk discounts on orders for supplies
CAD AND CAM
What does Computer aided design enable designers, engineers and architects to do?
to produce precise technical drawings using a computer. It can create 2D or 3D models. Also, designers can edit and amend designs easier
CAD AND CAM
What does Computer aided manufacture do?
uses computer software to control machine tools and machinery in the manufacturing process by translating CAD data into an instruction for machinery like a CNC mill. It increases productivity, is highly accurate and consistent, resulting in reduced waste.
What is planned obsolescence?
It is a deliberate strategy used to ensure that a current version of a product becomes out of date or worn out within a time frame. Such as in the technology sector the software will become incompatible due to processor power or components. Often used to promote regular sales.
What is a design for maintenance?
When a product is designed for maintenance, it enables parts to be replaced. Repairing is positive for the environment as it saves the whole product from being thrown away.
