Neutralisation of acids and salt production

Question 1

What is a base?

Answer 1

A metal hydroxide or oxide that neutralises an acid to produce salt and water

Question 2

What is an alkali?

Answer 2

A metal hydroxide or oxide (a base) which is soluble in water

They neutralise acids to form salt and water

Question 3

What is the general word equation for the reaction between a base and an acid?

Answer 3

Base + Acid → Salt +Water

Question 4

What is the general word equation between an alkali and an acid?

Answer 4

Alkali + Acid → Salt + Water

Question 5

What is the general word equation for the reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid?

Answer 5

Metal carbonate + Acid → Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Question 6

What is it that acids always split to produce in aqueous solutions?

Answer 6

H⁺ ions

Question 7

In aqueous solutions, acids split to form [blank]

Fill in the blank

Answer 7

In aqueous solutions, acids split to form H⁺ ions

Question 8

What do alkalis split to produce in aqueous solutions?

Answer 8

OH^- ions (hydroxide ions)

Question 9

In aqueous solutions, alkalis split to form [blank]

Fill in the blank

Answer 9

OH^- ions

(hydroxide ions)

Question 10

Name two means of measuring the pH of a solution

Answer 10

Using a pH probe

Using a universal indicator

Question 11

A chemical equation is as follows

H⁺_(aq) + OH^-_(aq) → H₂O_(l)

What is the name for this type of reaction?

Answer 11

A neutralisation reaction

Question 12

How can you predict the name of the salt that is produced when an acid reacts with a base,alkali or carbonate?

Answer 12

You look at the type of acid used and the positive metal ions in the base, alkali or carbonate

Question 13

Which ion is found in hydrochloric acid?

Answer 13

Cl^- ions

(chloride ions)

Question 14

Which ion is found in Sulfuric acid?

Answer 14

SO₄^2-

Question 15

Which ion is found in nitric acid?

Answer 15

NO₃^- ions

Question 16

Zinc is reacted with nitric acid to produce a salt and water

Name the salt and write the chemical formula for it

Answer 16

Zinc nitrate

Zn(NO₃)₂

There are TWO nitrate ions needed because when it reacts, the zinc ION form a 2+ ion.

Then to find the formula of the salt you swap and drop so there needs to be two NO₃ ions- to do this you have to put brackets around the ion as it needs to stay whole!!