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Musculoskeletal System > Neurovasculature - Lower Limb > Flashcards

Neurovasculature - Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first artery to branch off of the femoral artery in the femoral triangle?

A

Profunda femoris

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2
Q

What are the three main branches of the profunda femoris?

A

Perforating branches that supply the deep muscles of the thigh
Lateral circumflex artery
Medial circumflex artery

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3
Q

After exiting the femoral triangle, where does the femoral artery go?

A

Through the adductor canal

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4
Q

Where does the adductor canal end?

A

Adductor hiatus at an opening in adductor magnus

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5
Q

Where does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?

A

When it leaves the adductor hiatus and enters the popliteal fossa

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6
Q

How do you access the femoral artery and what is this used for?

A

Femoral triangle

Coronary angiography

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7
Q

Where does the obturator artery arise from?

A

Internal iliac artery

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8
Q

How does the popliteal artery supply the knee joint?

A

Giving off genicular branches

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9
Q

At the lower border of popliteus what does the popliteal artery divide into?

A

Posterior tibial artery

Anterior tibial artery

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10
Q

From which of the tibial arteries does the fibular artery arise?

A

The posterior tibial artery

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11
Q

Which muscles does the fibular artery supply?

A

Lateral muscles of the leg

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12
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery become in the foot?

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

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13
Q

Where can pulses be taken in the lower limb?

A

Femoral pulse - femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point
Popliteal artery - popliteal fossa when leg is flexed slightly
Posterior tibial artery - posterior to medial malleolus
Dorsalis pedis - Dorsum of the foot lateral to extensor hallucis longus tendon (not present in 2%)

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14
Q

When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

A

When it crosses the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle

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15
Q

What are the deep veins of the lower leg and what do they merge to form?

A

Fibular vein
Posterior tibial vein
Anterior tibial vein

They form the popliteal vein

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16
Q

Where does the great saphenous vein form from?

A

Dorsal vein of the great toe

Dorsal venous arch of the foot

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17
Q

What is the course of the great saphenous vein?

A

Passes anteriorly to medial malleolus
Posteriorly to the medial condyle of the knee
Drains into the femoral vein

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18
Q

How does the small saphenous vein arise?

A

Dorsal vein of the little toe

Dorsal venous arch of the foot

19
Q

What is the course of the small saphenous vein?

A

Posterior to lateral malleolus

Drains into popliteal vein

20
Q

What are perforating veins?

A

Veins that drain blood from superficial to deep veins

21
Q

What are varicose veins?

A

Incompetent valves that allows back flow of blood down the superficial veins causing those veins to become tortuous and dilated

22
Q

What are the nerve root values for the femoral nerve?

A

L2
L3
L4

23
Q

What is the motor function of the femoral nerve?

A

Flex hip - pectineus, iliacus sartorius

Extend knee - rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

24
Q

What is the sensory function of the femoral nerve?

A

Anteriomedial thigh
Medial leg
Medial foot via saphenous nerve

25
Q

What are the nerve root values for the obturator nerve?

A

L2
L3
L4

26
Q

What is the motor function of the obturator nerve?

A

Medial compartment of the thigh

27
Q

What is the sensory function of the obturator nerve?

A

Medial thigh

28
Q

What are the nerve root values of the sciatic nerve?

A 
L4
L5
S1
S2
S3
29
Q

What is the motor function of the sciatic nerve?

A

Extensor portion of adductor magnus

Posterior thigh muscles via tibial and common fibular parts

30
Q

What are the nerve root values of the tibial nerve?

A 
L4
L5
S1
S2
S3
31
Q

What is the motor function of the tibial nerve?

A

Posterior compartment of the leg

32
Q

What does the tibial nerve give branches to?

A

The sural nerve

33
Q

What is the course of the tibial nerve at the ankle?

A

Posteriorly to the medial malleolus

34
Q

What are the nerve root values of the common fibular nerve?

A

L4 - S3

35
Q

What is the motor function of the common fibular nerve?

A

Short head of biceps femoris

36
Q

What is the sensory function of the common fibular nerve?

A

Lateral leg

37
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve split?

A

Neck of fibula

38
Q

What are the nerve root values for the superficial fibular nerve?

A

L4
L5
S1

39
Q

What is the motor function for the superficial fibula nerve?

A

Lateral compartment of the leg

40
Q

What is the sensory function of the superficial fibular nerve

A

Anteriolateral leg

Dorsum of the foot except for the webbed space

41
Q

What are the nerve root values for the deep fibular nerve?

A

L4

L5

42
Q

What is the motor function for the deep fibular nerve?

A

Anterior compartment of the leg

43
Q

What is the sensory function of the deep fibular nerve?

A

Triangular region between 1st and 2nd toes

44
Q

What does damage to the deep fibular nerve lead to?

A

Foot drop hence a high steppage gate

Musculoskeletal System (7 decks)

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