Neurovascular System Flashcards
4 regions of the brain
Cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
Gray matter
Aggregations of neuronal cell bodies
White Matter
Neuronal axons coated with myelin
Lobes of the brain
Functions of the brain
Coronal section of the brain
Cranial nerve 1
Olfactory:
sense of smell
Cranial nerve 2
Optic:
Vision
Cranial nerve 3
Oculomotor:
pupil constriction, opening the eye, most extraocular movements
Cranial nerve 4
Trochlear:
Downward, internal rotation of the eye
Cranial nerve 5
Trigeminal:
- Motor - *temporal and masseter muscles (jaw clenching), lateral jaw movement
- Sensory - *three divisions, opthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular
Cranial nerve 6
Abducens:
Lateral deviation of the eye
Cranial nerve 7
Facial:
- Motor - *facial movements (facial expression, closing eye, closing mouth)
- Sensory - *taste for salty, sweet, sour, and bitter on anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Cranial nerve 8
Acoustic:
Hearing and balance
Cranial nerve 9
Glossopharyngeal:
Motor: pharynx
sensory: posterior portions of eardrum and ear canal, pharynx, posterior tongue (taste)
Cranial nerve 10
Vagus:
Motor: palate, pharynx, and larynx
sensory: pharynx and larynx
Spinal nerve 11
Spinal accessory:
Motor: sternomastoid and upper portion of trapezius
Spinal nerve 12
hypoglossal:
Motor: tongue
Motor pathways:
corticospinal tract
voluntary movements, delicate fine motor movements, gross movements
Motor pathways:
Basal ganglia system
Helps to maintain muscle tone, control body movemens, gross movements
Motor pathways:
cerebellar system
motor coordination, maintains equilibrium
Dermatome
band of skin innervated by sensory root of a single spinal nerve
5 category approach to assessment
mental status, speech, language
cranial nerves
motor system
sensory system
reflexes
