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Advanced Assessment > Musculoskeletal: Assessment techniques > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal: Assessment techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder flexion

A

“Lift your arms in front of you and over your head”

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2
Q

Shoulder Extension

A

“Raise your arms behind you”

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3
Q

Shoulder Adduction

A

“cross your arm in front of your body”

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4
Q

Should Abduction

A
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5
Q

Should Internal Rotation

A

“Place one hand behind your back and touch your shoulder blade”

Identify the highest midline spinous process patient can reach

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6
Q

Shoulder External Rotation

A

“Raise your arm up and try to scratch your opposite shoulder blade”

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7
Q

Test supraspinatus strength

“empty can test”

A

Raise patient arms to 90 degress and internally rotate so thumbs point down (like emptying a can). push down and ask patient to resist

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8
Q

Test infraspinatus strength

“full can test”

A

Have patient place arms at sides with elbows bent at 90 degrees with thumbs up. Ask patient to hold position while you press inward

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9
Q

Drop Arm Test

A

Have patient lift arm out to side at shoulds height and slowly lower arm back down to side. Watch for smooth movement

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10
Q

Inspect Hands/wrists

A

palmar and dorsal side for joint swelling, suface contour, alignment of fingers and wrist

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11
Q

Palpation of wrist

A

distal radius and ulna at the wrist

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12
Q

Palaption of MCP joints

A
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13
Q

Palpation of anatomical snuff box

A
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14
Q

Palpation of PIP joints

A
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15
Q

Palpation of DIP joints

A

Same technique as PIP but on the joint at the tip of the finger

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16
Q

Wrist flexion

A

“With palms down, point your fingers toward the floor”

Full ROM= 90 degrees

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17
Q

Wrist extension

A

“with palms down point fingers toward ceiling”

Full ROM = 90 degrees

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18
Q

Wrist adduction

A

“With palms down, bring your fingers inward”

Full ROM=20 degrees

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19
Q

Wrist Abduction

A

“With palms down, point fingers away from body”

Full ROM = 20 degrees

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20
Q

Hand abduction/adduction

A

Ask patient to spread fingers wide apart and close them back together

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21
Q

Purpose of Tineal’s sign

A

Check for median nerve compression

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22
Q

Technique” Tineal’s sign

A

Tap lightly over the course of the median nerve

(tingling or pain with tapping is positive test)

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23
Q

Purpose of Phalen’s sign

A

Check for median nerve compression

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24
Q

Phalen’s sign tehnique

A

Ask patient to flex wrists 90 degrees and push the back of the hands togenter. Hold for 60 seconds

(numbness or tingling is positive)

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25
Q

Hand grip

A

Have patient squeeze your second and third finger

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26
Q

Thumb movement

A
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27
Q

Thumb ROM

A
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28
Q

ROM of finger joints

A

Have patient make a fist with thumbs on outside of fingers and release and straighten. Watch for even, equal movement of DIP and PIP joints

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29
Q

Nerves in the hand

A
30
Q

Test sensation of hands

A

Test that patient has feeling in all areas supplied by each nerve on both palmar and dorsal surfaces

31
Q

Palpate carpal bones

A
32
Q

Spinal inspection from the side

A

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar curves

33
Q

Spinal inspection from behind

A
  • Upright spinal colum
  • Alignment of shoulders, iliac crests, and gluteal folds
  • skin markings, tags, or masses
34
Q

Palpation of spine

A

Each spinous process down spine

  • 7 cervical
  • 12 thoracic
  • 5 limbar
35
Q

Palpation in lower lumbar area

A

Check for step offs (one spinous process unusually prominent)

36
Q

Palpation of neck

A

Palpate facet joints

37
Q

Neck flexion

A

“Bring your chin to your chest”

38
Q

Neck extension

A

“look up at the ceiling”

39
Q

Neck rotation

A

“look over one shoulder, then the other”

40
Q

Neck lateral bending

A

“Bring your ear to your shoulder

41
Q

Spinal flexion

A

“Bend forward and touch your toes”

42
Q

Spinal extension

A

“Lean back as far as you can”

43
Q

Spinal rotation

A

“Rotate from side to side”

44
Q

Spinal lateral bending

A

“Bend to the side from the waiste”

45
Q

Hip flexion

A

“Bend your knee to your chest and pull it against your abdomen”

46
Q

Hip extension

A

“Lie face down, bend your knee and lift it up” OR “Lying flat, abduct lower leg and hang it off the table”

47
Q

Hip abduction

A

“Lying flat, move lower leg away from midline”

48
Q

Hip adduction

A

Lying flat, bend the knee and move leg toward midline

49
Q

Hip External/Internal rotation

A

Flex the leg 90 degrees. and stabilize knee and thigh with one hand. Grasp ankle with other and swing lower leg

       Lateral = internal rotation       Medial = external rotation
50
Q

Hip internal rotation

A

Flex the leg 90 degrees. and stabilize knee and thigh with one hand. Grasp ankle with other and swing lower leg laterally

51
Q

McMurray test

A

Bring patient’s heel to buttocks and internally rotate tibia. Hold rotation while you straighten the leg and feel lateral meniscus for pooping or clicking. Repeat with external rotation of tibia while palpating medial meniscus for popping or clicking

52
Q

Knee Abduction

(valgus stress test)

A

Fully extend leg and secure ankle. Appy pressure medially to side of the knee while pulling laterally on ankle. Repeat with knee slightly bent at 30 degree angle

53
Q

Knee Adduction

(varus stress test)

A

Fully extend leg and secure ankle. Appy pressure laterally to side of the knee while pulling medially on ankle. Repeat with knee slightly bent at 30 degrees

54
Q

Anterior/Posterior drawer test technique

A

atient lays on back with hips at 45 degrees angle and knee bent at 90 degree angle. Sit on patient’s foot to stabilize it. Place thumbs on superio, anterior aspect of tibia and give a brisk pull or push

55
Q

Lachman test

A

Flex knee 20-30 degrees. Stabilize distal femur laterally with one hand and hold proximal tibia on the medial side with the other. Pull tibia forward and femur back simultaneously. Should feel a clunk

Assessing for ACL tear

56
Q

What does anterior drawer test for

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

(ACL)

57
Q

What does anterior drawer test for

A

Posterior cruciate ligament

(PCL)

58
Q

What does valgus stress test assess

A

Medial cruciate ligament

(MCL)

59
Q

What does varus stress test assess

A

Lateral cruciate ligament

(LCL)

60
Q

Palpate anterior aspect of ankles

A

For bogginess, swelling, tenderness

61
Q

Palpate achilles tendon

A

for nodules or tenderness

62
Q

Palpate heel

A

for tenderness

63
Q

Palpate medial and lateral malleolus

A

for tenderness

64
Q

Palpate metatarsophalangeal joints

A

Compress forefoot between thumb and fingers

65
Q

Palpate heads of the 5 metatarsals

A

Compress between your thumb and forefinger

66
Q

Ankle flexion

(plantar flexion)

A

Point foot towards floor

67
Q

Ankle extension

(dorsiflexion)

A

Point your toes towards the ceiling

68
Q

Ankle inversion

A

Bend heel inward

69
Q

Ankle eversion

A

Bend heel outward

70
Q
A

Advanced Assessment (8 decks)

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