Neurotransmitters 2 Flashcards
What is the pathway for control of the somatic stuctures (skeletal muscle/motor neurons)?
CNS -> efferent -> somatic
What is a motor unit?
motor neuron and all the fibers it innervates
Motor end plates synapse with…
muscle fibers directly
What carries the action potential along the membrane?
VGNa+
_______________ leads to change in membrane potential (end plate potential)
stimulation
Ach ____________ receptors are on skeletal muscle
nicotinic
Action potential moves down __________________
T- tubules
Action potentials moving down t-tubules activates…
DHPRs
How does calcium induce muscle contraction?
interacts with myosin and actin
What is an important molecule for muscle contraction?
calcium
What disorder involves mutations in DMD gene?
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
What does the DMD gene do?
connects cytoskeleton to the fiber to the ECM
What relaxes the muscle and reuptakes calcium?
SERCA
NCX
Calsequestrin
What stops ACh release in the NMJ?
botulinum toxin (decrease muscle contraction)
What stops neuronal Na+ channel in NMJ?
tetrodotoxin (decrease muscle contraction)
What stops Ca channels in the NMJ?
w-conotoxin (decrease muscle contraction)
What increases muscle contraction via AChR channels in the NMJ?
Aceylocholine
Nicotine
What decreases muscle contraction via AChR channels in the NMJ?
a- tubocuraine
What changes muscle contraction in the NMJ by acetylocholinesterase?
Nerve gas
Insecticides
Physostigmine
What causes myasthenia gravis?
- Autoimmune Disease
- Antibody production to Ach
nicotinic receptors
What is the symptom of myasthenia gravis?
weakening of skeletal muscle
