Neurotransmitters Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two effects that can impact a neurotransmitter?

A
  • blocking agent, where prevents the neuron from firing
  • mimicking the activity of a natural neurotransmitter
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2
Q

What is enzyme breakdown?

A

neurotransmitters that are inactive, enzymes change the the structure of the neurotransmitters, causing it not to fit in the receptor sites

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3
Q

What is reuptake?

A

neurotransmitters are taken back up into the terminal button after being release

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4
Q

What is a drug that affects the reuptake?

A

Cocaine

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter synthesis

A

increase or decrease the synthesis of Neurotransmitter

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6
Q

Neurotransmitter transport

A

interference with the transport of Neurotransmitter to the axon terminal

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7
Q

Neurotransmitter release

A

release of neurotransmitters into the synapse prematurely

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8
Q

Neurotransmitter storage

A

interfere with the storage neurotransmitter in the vesicles of the axon terminal

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9
Q

neurotransmitter degradation

A

may influence the breakdown of neurotransmitter

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10
Q

Neurotransmitter reuptake

A

block the reuptake of neurotransmitter

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11
Q

Receptor Activation

A

may activate receptor site by mimicking a neurotransmitter

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12
Q

Receptor Blocking

A

cause a receptor to be inactive by blocking it

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13
Q

Agonist

A

Enhances activity of a particular neurotransmitter system without binding to the receptor

causes change in the conductance of the neuron

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14
Q

Antagonist

A

inhibits activities of a particular neurotransmitter, does not bind

occupies a neural receptor and blocks normal synaptic transmission

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15
Q

Acetylcholine

A

resides in the axon terminals that activates skeletal muscles

critical for sensory processing, attention and memory

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16
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

a progressive loss of memory function, common with elderly

drugs can also cause this to happen

17
Q

The three main monomines

A

Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin

18
Q

Norepinephrine

A

chemical to mediate physical changes, and emotional arousal

also found in the brain where it regulates hunger, alertness and arousal

19
Q

Dopamine

A

regulates motor movements

not effective, does not enter the brain from bloodstream

20
Q

Blood-brain barrier

A

blocks toxic compounds from entering the brain

21
Q

Serotonin

A

found in the brain where it is important to the regulation of sleep

22
Q

Monoamines and its effects

A

Contains a single amine group, where they are closely linked to mood states and emotional disorders

High levels of monomaniac activities causes schizophrenia (research)

23
Q

Endorphins

A

large molecules that modulates pain (similar to morphine and heroin)

24
Q

Two main Amino Acid Neurotransmitters

A

GABA
Glutamate

25
Q

GABA

A

Gamma aminobutyric Acid

neurotransmitters in the brain tissue, inhibitory transmitter of the brain

opens negative charged chloride ion channels

26
Q

Glutamate

A

Abundant of the excitatory transmitters

important in memory and learning

27
Q

Neuromuscular junction

A

area where the nerves meet muscles, acetylcholine gets released here to contract muscles