neurotransmission of the autonomic nervous system Flashcards
what is the main neurohormone in symapthetic nerves
noradrenaline
what is the main neurohormone in symapthetic nerves
noradrenaline
where are the 2 places that noradrenaline does not work within the sympathetic synapse
- sweat glands
- resistance in blood vessel
what is the precursor of noradrenaline
tyrosine
what family is noradrenaline a part of
the catecholamines
what are the three enzymes (in order)n to synthesise noradrenaline
-tyrosine hydroxylase
-dopadecarboxylase
-dopaminebetahydroxylase
which drug is a competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase
alpha methyl-tyrosine
which drug interferes with noradrenaline transmission
alpha methyl-DOPA
how does carbidopa work and why is it administered with l-DOPA
-it works by inhibiting dopadecarboxylase so l-DOPA isn’t made into dopamine outside of the brain
- carbidopa can’t cross the brain barrier so l-DOPA is converted inside the brain
what do we use to pack noradrenaline into vesicles and what do we also pack into the vesicle
- we use a proton gradient with atp
- we pack it with chromoganin
what 2 drugs interacts with noradrenaline storage
resperine and guanethidine
what are the two uptake mechanisms for noradrenaline and what are their qualities
- at a nerve terminal:
high affinity, low capacity
-extra neuronal:
low affinity, high capacity
what is the difference between the nerve terminal uptake and the extra neuronal uptake
- nerve terminal uptake is an active process
- extra neuronal is passive
what do both methods of noradrenaline uptake methods require
NA+
what does the nerve terminal uptake use
a noradrenaline transporter
what does the nerve terminal uptake use
a noradrenaline transporter
what is the extra neuronal uptake inhibited by
cortisol
what is the nerve terminal uptake inhibited by
(hint - 3)
antidepressants
cocaine
guanethidine
which drugs can stimulate NA release
(hint - 3)
tryramine
ephedrine
amphetamines
what two enzymes are important in noradrenaline metabolism
-MAO
-COMT
what can the metabolites of noradrenaline be used to measure
biomarkers of disease
