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Surgical Procedures > Neurosurgery > Flashcards

Neurosurgery Flashcards

1
Q

Type of cell of the nervous system located throughout the body

A

Neuron

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2
Q

Soma

A

Acts as the sending and receiving area for nerve impulses and is the energy center of the cell

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3
Q

Carry/carries nerve impulses toward the cell

A

Dendrites

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4
Q

Carry/carries nerve impulses away from the cell

A

Axon

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5
Q

Which bones are on the side of the skull and contribute to the structure for the sides of the cranium.

A

Temporal

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6
Q

Two bones on either side of the skull provide structure for the sides and roof of the cranium

A

Parietal

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7
Q

The pericranium is the periosteal layer of the skull bones. It is covered with:

A

Muscle, galea, skin.

NOT COVERED WITH DURA

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8
Q

The Brain is divided into three main sections:

A

The cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainsteam

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9
Q

Also know as the forebrain

A

Cerebrum

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10
Q

Also know as the hindbrain

A

Cerebellum

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11
Q

What is the major structure of the midbrain:

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Posterior pituitary gland
Pineal gland

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12
Q

How many Cervical vertebrae there are

A

Seven

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13
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae there are

A

Five.

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14
Q

How many sacral vertebra there are

A

Five

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15
Q

Number of thoracic vertebrae

A

12

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16
Q

The Cranial Nerves

A

12 pair of nerves that originate in the brain and are responsible for the sensory and motor functions of the body

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17
Q

Composed of small bundles of nerve fibers called fascicles which are surrounded by a sheath called the endoneurium.

A

Peripheral Nerves

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18
Q

Occur in pair and originated from the spinal cord near their corresponding vertebra

A

Spinal Nerves

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19
Q

Small, square, felt sponges made of cotton or rayon to control bleeding on neutral and vascular tissue are referred to as

A

Cottonoids

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20
Q

What type of dressing would be placed on a spinal incision

A

Telfa

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21
Q

Gardner-Wells tongs may be used to secure

A

Patient’s head

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22
Q

Used for patient position

A

Headrest, Or table and Wilson frame

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23
Q

During a craniotomy, the patient is positioned using

A

Horseshoe headrest or pin fixation

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24
Q

What type of ESU is used during a craniotomy

A

Bipolar

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25
Q

During a microdiscectomy, what type of retractor is used?

A

Tubular

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26
Q

During a microdiscectomy, the wounds edges are approximated with

A

Steri-Strips and Dermabond

27
Q

During a microdiscectomy, Gelfoam pledges are soaked in

A

Topical thrombin

28
Q

Used in neurosurgical procedures of the cranium to stabilize the patient’s head?

A

Mayfield

29
Q

A patient in the OR has suffered a head injury and has clear fluid leakage from the nose. Which fluid is most likely leaking from the patient’s nose?

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

30
Q

In which position would a patient be placed for access to a parietal lobe tumor.

A

Supine

31
Q

During a laminectomy procedure, which tissue is the ST expecting to be removed and is passed off the sterile field as a specimen.

A

Disk?

32
Q

How should the ST anticipate that bleeding from the dura should be controlled during craniotomy

A

With bipolar bayonet

33
Q

Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy surgical procedure is the recommended approach for pituitary tumors that are

A

Large (Not sure about this answer)

34
Q

Why are all nasal instruments kept on a separate Mayo stand during transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?

A

They are contaminated

35
Q

Which instrument should the ST have ready for retraction of the nerve root during a laminectomy?

A

Love

36
Q

Which Rongeur Should the surgical tech have ready for the removal of disk material during lumbar laminectomy

A

Pituitary

37
Q

why is the hip slightly elevated during positioning the patient for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?

A

For access to the iliac crest

38
Q

How should the surgical tech care for the bone flap that is removed during a craniotomy surgical procedure?

A

By placing it in a basin with antibiotic solution

39
Q

Which cranial nerve is important to preserve during rhytidectomy?

A

V

40
Q

During cerebral aneurysm clipping, the anatomic structure that is probably involved is the:

A

Circle of Willis

41
Q

During a mastoidectomy, the surgeon uses a nerve stimulator to identify the

A

Facial Nerve (Cranial nerve VII)

42
Q

Which of the following instruments has a pistol-grip-type shape and is used to dissect bone for access in a laminectomy procedure.

A

Kerrison

43
Q

The patient in room 8 is scheduled for anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion. To fuse the cervical disk space, the surgeon will most likely harvest bone from the

A

Iliac crest

44
Q

For the approach on a lumbar laminectomy, the CST should expect the patient to be in what position?

A

Prone

45
Q

the CST in the scrub role anticipates that the surgeon will need thermal hemostatic for the resection of a brain tumor. what is the best choice for this method

A

Bipolar Cautery

46
Q

which instrument is used to pass a small portion of bone wax needed during the neurosurgical procedures?

A

Penfield

47
Q

Why is the hip slightly elevated during positioning the patient for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?

A

For access to Iliac crest

48
Q

which of the following terms describe the removal of the large anterior portion of a vertebra during spinal decompression and fusion

A

Corpectomy

49
Q

What structures are contained in the hernia sac seen in myelomeningocele?

A

Spinal cord, meninges, and nerve roots

50
Q

During a Craniotomy, what is a frequently mechanical hemostasis on the edges of the incised scalp?

A

Raney Clips

51
Q

The patient in room 8 is scheduled for anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion. What area of the body will this surgery be performed?

A

Cervical Spine

52
Q

Vagotomy is performed in people with gastric ulcers and gastric secretion issues. The procedure involves ligations of the cranial nerve

A

X

53
Q

For practical purposes during craniotomy, the CST in the scrub role should perform all of the following except:

  • Keeping track of the amount of irrigation used
  • Preparing Raney clips for use on the scalp
  • Using hot NaCl solution for irrigation
  • Prepare for seeding isolation techniques when malignancy is discovered.
A
  • Using hot NaCl solution for irrigation
54
Q

For the approach on a lumbar laminectomy, the surgeon has asked for a self-Retainer retractor with ratcheted arms. The CST should pass the surgeon a

A

Beckman Retractor

55
Q

During a craniotomy, the CST should anticipate what type of ESU to be used during the procedure?

A

Bipolar

56
Q

A fatal disease of the nervous system that is caused by a prion (An infectious protein) that cannot be destroyed by normal disinfection and sterilization is

A

Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease

57
Q

During the craniotomy, holes are drilled into the cranium to

A

Provide means to pass instruments into the brain???

58
Q

Cranioplasty is performed to

A
  • Prevention from infection.
  • Continuity of care
  • Protection of the brain
59
Q

During a lumbar Laminectomy and Discectomy, which of the following instruments is used to excise the lamina and create access to the disk?

A

Kerrison Rongeur

60
Q

Which method of homeostasis is used after the surgeon drills the cranium bone, and what should the CST have available for the surgeon to help control the bleeding bone

A

Cottonoids

61
Q

Which of the following procedures is indicated to release intracranial pressure caused by an accumulation of blood or other fluid beneath the dura mater?

A

Craniotomy

62
Q

A patient is scheduled for a lumbar discectomy, where is the patient intubated before being transferred to the operating room table?

A

In the operative room while the patient is on the stretcher.

63
Q

Patients undergoing a craniotomy may have a shunt inserted to relieve intracranial pressure, caused by excess cerebral spinal fluid build up, where is this shunt typically placed?

A

In one of the lateral ventricles

Surgical Procedures (5 decks)

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