Neuroscience Flashcards
(98 cards)
60 year old right handed male, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Left sided hemi-neglect. Where is the lesion?
Right parietal lobe
66 year old with HTN develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups. L facial numbness, nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of limbs, staggering gait, and tendency to fall to the left. Dx?
Lateral medullary stroke
26 year old with headache and right hand clumsiness for weeks. Exam shows difficulty with rapid alternating movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger to nose, and mildly dysmetric finger tapping. CNS intact and no papilledema. Where will damage show on MRI?
Cerebellum
78 year old pt had an ischedmic stroke that left him with a residual mild hemiplegia. Pt appeared to be unaware that there was a problem of weakness on one side of this body. When asked to raise the weak arm, the patient raised his normal arm. When the failure to raise the paralyzed arm was pointed out to pt, he admitted that the arm was slightly weak. He also neglects the side of the body when dressing and grooming. Pt did not shave one side of his face, had difficulty putting a shirt on when it was turned inside out. Area of the brain likely affected by stroke?
Right Parietal lobe
MRI scan of head reveals an infarct in distribution of left anterior cerebral artery. Pt most likely exhibits:
Weakness of contralateral foot and leg, sparing of face and arm, with abulia
Adult neurogenesis in which area of the brain?
Hippocampus
Previously pleasant mom becomes profane and irresponsible over 6 months. Most likely pathology in
Frontal lobe
Rapid onset of right facial weakness, left limb weakness, diplopia
Brain stem infarction
In addiction, dopaminergic neurons project to nucleus accumbens. Cell bodies of these neurons reside in which area of the brain
Ventral tegmental area
Which brain region does leptin work at
hypothalamus
oxytocin suppresses which brain region
amygdala
hypothalamus area for maternal behavior
pre-optic
Crania nerve for gag reflex and palette elevation
vagal nerve
the medial temporal lobe is responsible for what type of memory
declarative
which of the following statements regarding the development of the CNS in the first two years of life is correct?
motor cortex develops before sensory cortex
Which of the following cortical regions is a key component of the salience network
anterior cingulate cortex
initial learning phase of skilled motor sequence requires corticostriatal system and what other system
corticocerobellar
reduced hippocampal volume causes what type of memory impairment
declarative
histaminergic neurons that regulate sleep originate in which brain nucelei
tuberomamillary
Pt recieves neck manipulation, now has dysarthric speech, gait ataxia, numbness right body, neck pain
vertebral artery dissection
which areas are connected by the stria terminalis
amygdala to the septal area and the hypothalamus
Wakefulness depends on which brain area
ascending reticular activating system
What forms the neural tube
ectoderm
rTMS for MDD targets which brain region
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex