Neuroplasticity (Level 5) Flashcards
From which root words is the word “neuroplasticity” derived?
From the root words neurone and plastic.
What is the meaning of plasticity?
The quality of being soft enough to be changed into a new shape.
What is neuroplasticity also known as?
Neural plasticity or brain plasticity.
What is neuroplasticity?
The ability of neural networks in the brain to change via growth and reorganisation.
In what way is the word “neuroplasticity” an umbrella term?
Due to its referring to the brain’s ability to change, reorganise, and grow neural networks.
What can involve functional changes due to brain damage or structural changes due to learning?
Neuroplasticity
How is neuroplasticity defined?
As the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganising its structure, functions, or connections after injuries, such as a stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI).
What has the potential to produce new neurones?
The brain
What kind of changes can physical exercise and antidepressant ingestion induce?
The growth of new projections from neurones, the formation of new connections between neurones, or production of new neurones within the brain.
Which four factors can trigger neurones to break down and even die?
Stress, depression, ageing and disease.
What type of adaptation do both progressive (myelination) and regressive (synaptic pruning) brain changes support?
The adaptation of an organism’s behaviour in the face of changing environmental demands.
What underlie the ability to learn and adapt thoughts and behaviours throughout life?
Experience-driven changes in neural connections.
What can we immediately see if habits are due to the plasticity of materials to outward agents?
To what outward influences, if any, the brain-matter is plastic.
Which Canadian psychologist who was influential in the area of neuropsychology, sought to understand how the function of neurones contributed to psychological processes such as learning?
Hebb FRS (July 22, 1904 - August 20, 1985).
Which scientific study began nearly 100 years ago with the pioneering studies of Thorndike and Pavlov, continuing today as an active area of research and theory?
The scientific study of associative learning.
