Neurophysiology - L10

Question 1

Pitch is determined by

Answer 1

Frequency of sound waves, and then distance on the cochlea

Question 2

Loudness is determined by

Answer 2

Amplitude of the wave coming in. and then frequency of waves when transmitted

Question 3

Transmission through the ear (through what structures)

Answer 3

Through ear, through the tympanic membrane, through the three bones malleus incus and stapes, then through the oval window to the cochlea

Question 4

Scala Vestibuli

Answer 4

The location of entering waves in the cochlea (aka the paralymph)

Question 5

Scala Tympani

Answer 5

The bottom part of the cochlea in which K flows out of the hair cells. Also called the paralymph

Question 6

Scala Media

Answer 6

Spacial duct located between the cochlea (also called the endolymph) contains a remarkable amount of K

Question 7

Organ of Corti

Answer 7

Location of the hair cells within the ear and the sensory cells

Question 8

Basilar membrane

Answer 8

below the hair cells in the organ of corti that gets vibrated (thus moving the hairs)

Question 9

Steriocili

Answer 9

Hair Cells projected within the ear

Question 10

tectorial membrane

Answer 10

What hair cells are pushed on to when the basilar membrane moves within the ear

Question 11

Tip-Links

Answer 11

Mechano-Gated channels on hair cells that when deflected will open the gate to rush potassium in to the endolymph. Causing depolarization. located in ear

Question 12

Calciums role on the tip-link

Answer 12

The calcium will move the mechano gated receptor along the membrane so that the band is the corret length

Question 13

Movement of Potassium (and what it causes)

Answer 13

Depolarization occurs when potassium rushes in to the hair cell from the endolymph, then when the potassium exits in the perilymph to repolarization.

Question 14

Prestin

Answer 14

Changes shape of hair cell length when depolarized

Question 15

Deafness (2 Types)

Answer 15

Conductive - Impaired transmission in outer or middle ear

Sensorineural - damaged hair cell are irreversible

Question 16

Vestibular System

Answer 16

the system of balance within the ear

Question 17

Semicircular Canals

Answer 17

Sense rotational movement. The fluid moves within them moving a cupula (like a gel) deflecting hair cells. There are three semicircular canals.

Question 18

Saccule and Utricle

Answer 18

Saccule - vertical acceleration and movement
Utricle - Horizontal movement
Uses otoliths in geletanous fluid moving in directions.
The otoliths are heavy metal crystals
depending on which way the jello moves can cause depolarization or hyperpolarization