Neuropharmacology Masserano

Question 1

Loratadine BBB

Answer 1

Antihistamine that blocks H1 receptors but does not cross the BBB to prevent sedation

Question 2

Carbidopa BBB

Answer 2

Dopa decarboxylase inhibitor that does not enter the brain to prevent levodopa conversion to dopamine in periphery

Question 3

Naloxegol (Movantik) BBB

Answer 3

Derivative of naloxone which doesnt cross BBB and can reverse constipation

Question 4

Parkinsonism definition and treatment

Answer 4

Rigidity and slowness associated with degeneration in the basal ganglia. Treat by increasing dopamine in BG

Question 5

Chorea definition and treatment

Answer 5

Brief, abrupt, and irregular movements. Treat with decreasing dopamine or enhancing GABA.

Question 6

Athetosis definition and treatment

Answer 6

Slow writhing, snake-like movements, especially with fingers and wrists. Treat by decreasing dopamine

Question 7

Alzheimer’s definition and treatment

Answer 7

Severe impairment of cognitive function. Rivastigmine (anticholinesterase)

Question 8

Parkinson’s definition and treatment

Answer 8

Extrapyramidal motor impairment. Cholinergic/dopaminergic imbalance. Anticholinergics may help (Benztropine)

Question 9

Huntington’s definition and treatment

Answer 9

Degeneration of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum. Antipsychotics may help by blocking dopamine.

Question 10

Atropine-like effects

Answer 10

Restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, and delirium

Question 11

Clonidine site of action & therapeutic uses

Answer 11

Alpha2 receptor agonist. Regulates BP and suppresses SNS activity

Question 12

Nigrostriatal system (dopamine containing neuron)

Answer 12

Substantial nigra projects to caudate nucleus and putamen. Contains about 1/2 to 1 million neurons.

Question 13

Mesolimbic and mesocortical systems. (Dopamine containing neurons)

Answer 13

Ventral tegmental area projects to frontal, cingulated, and entorhinal cortices and nucleus accumbens.

Question 14

Tuberinfundibular system. (Dopamine containing neuron)

Answer 14

Hypothalmus projects to the pituitary gland. Dopamine inhibits prolactin secretion.

Question 15

Tranylcypromine MOA

Answer 15

Blocks MAO-A which metabolizes 5-HT, NE, DA, and tyramine. Antidepressant.

Question 16

Selegiline MOA

Answer 16

Blocks MAO-B which metabolizes DA and tryptamine

Question 17

Buspar MOA

Answer 17

Selective partial agonist of 5HT1A and is used in treatment of anxiety

Question 18

Sumatriptan MOA

Answer 18

Selective agonist useful in the treatment of migraine

Question 19

Risperidone MOA

Answer 19

Selective antagonist of 5HT2A

Question 20

Lorcaserin (Belviq) MOA

Answer 20

Selective agonist of 5HT2C

Question 21

Zofran MOA

Answer 21

Antagonist of 5HT3

Question 22

Difference between GABA A and B

Answer 22

A: ligand-gated Cl- channel and accounts for actions of benzos and barbiturates
B: receptors decrease Ca conductance and open K channels. Baclofen agonist

Question 23

Physical Dependance

Answer 23

Removal of a drug from a dependent person results in withdrawal or abstinence syndrome.

Question 24

Physcological Dependance

Answer 24

Individual feels that the effects of the drug are necessary to maintain an optimal state of well being