Neuropathology

Question 1

Pathological features of Alzheimer’s Disease

Answer 1

Neuritic plaques
Neurofibrillary tangles
Hirano bodies
Granulovacuolar degeneration
Amyloid deposition

Question 2

Ballooned Neurons

Answer 2

swollen neurons found in Corticobasal Ganglionic Degeneration and Pick’s disease

In Pick’s disease, the cytoplasm is eosinophilic and the nucleus is not in the center

Question 3

Pathological features of PML

Answer 3

oligodendrocytes with intranuclear inclusions
bizarre astrocytes–enlarged and hyperchromatic, pleomorphic nuclei
multifocal demyelination that begins in occipital lobes

Question 4

Neurons particularly vulnerable to hypoxia

Answer 4

Pyramidal neurons in hippocampus (CA1)
Pyramidal neurons in layers 3 and 5 of neocortex
Purkinje cells in the cerebellum

Red neuron=extremely eosinophilic neuron with a nucleus that looks condensed and dark. due to hypoxic damage.

Question 5

Bunina bodies

Answer 5

intracytoplasmic eosinophiic inclusions that can be nonspecific but are foud in motor neurons in ALS

Question 6

Cowdry Inclusions (2 types)

Answer 6

Cowdry A–lge and surrounded by halo. 1 per cell; seen in CMV, HSV, VZV

Cowdry B–small and multiple; seen in acute polio

Question 7

Lafora bodies

Answer 7

PAS+ intracytoplasmic inclusions found in astrocytes and neurons in patients with Lafora disease

Question 8

S100 stain

Answer 8

neural crest marker
stains schwannomas, melanomas, paragangliomas stromal cells, histiocytoma clear cell sarcomas, 50% of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, astrocytes, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, and choroid plexus epithelium. VERY sensitive for melanocytic tumors.

Question 9

tumor with wet keratin

Answer 9

wet kertain=a distinctive form of keratin composed of clusters of plump keratinocytes

seen in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma