Neurons & Synapses Flashcards
3 types of neurons
1) Sensory Neuron
2) Motor Neuron
3) Interneurons
INPUT
from sensory organs to the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD
5 senses
Sensory Neurons
OUTPUT
From the BRAIN&SPINAL CORD to the MUSCLES and GLANDS
Motor Neurons
Carry information between other neurons only found in the brain and spinal cord
Interneurons
Contains the cell’s nucleus and DNA
Controls protein manufacturing and directs metabolism
No rule in neural signaling
Cell body
Information collectors
Receive inputs from neighboring neurons
Dendrites
TRUE or FALSE
Mature neurons generally can’t divide.
But new dendrites can grow
True
Provides room for more connections to other neurons
New connections are basis for learning
Dendritic Growth
Cell’s output structure
Tube-like structure branches at end that connect to dendrites of other cells
Only one of this per cell
Axon
White fatty casing on axon
Electrical insulator
When present, increases the speed of neural signals down the axon
Myelin Sheath
TRUE or FALSE
Myelin Sheath is not present on all cells
true
Basic Neuron Types
1) BIPOLAR (Interneuron)
2) UNIPOLAR (Sensory Neuron)
3) MULTIPOLAR (Motoneuron)
4) PYRIMIDAL CELL
Neurons communicate by means of an electrical signal called…
Based on movement of ion between outside and inside of the cell
Action Potential
