Neurons and Neurotransmitters Flashcards
the brain is similar to a
tree
latin word for cortex is
bark
what is the cortex responsible for
intellect
if we dissect the brain and flatten it out what size would it be comparable to?
A large pillow case
what is the frontal lobe responsible for?
executive function ( CEO of the brain)
how many neurons are in the brain?
86 billion
do the neurons touch?
What do they do?
no
communicate
What important roles does the frontal lobe have
mental disorders such as substance abuse and ADHD
What does the limbic system control
learning, memory, emotions, and basic drives
how do psychiatric medications and the limbic system correlate
many of the neurons interact with the limbic sys.
in clients experiencing mental illness what organ isn’t functioning correctly
brain
dendrite receptors are triggered by
what does it cause
neurotransmitters
voltage changes within the body
once a certain threshold is crossed, an electrical charge suddenly fires down the axon, this electrical discharge is called an :
action potential
neurotransmitters we have to know for pharmacology
Dopamine ( DA) Serotonin ( 5-HT) Norepinephrine (NE) GABA Glutamate Acetylcholine
used in brain areas that regulate attention, concentration, pleasure, energy, motivation , mood, and muscle movements
Dopamine
should you increase or decrease dopamine activity for clients who have depression or ADHD
Increase
used in brain areas that regulate mood, alertness, concentration and energy
Norepinephrine
NE activates
excessive amounts can lead to
Flight or Fight
anxiety and agitation
regulates mood . also plays an important role in regulating anxiety, sexual desire and appetite
serotonin
main excitatory neurotransmitter
Glutamate
the brains gas pedal
glutamate
when some one is withdrawing from a CNS depressant, there is often an
imbalance b/w glutamate and neurotransmitters
the main inhibitor neurotransmitter
GABA Gamma-aminobutyric acid
reduce anxiety, help induce sleep and stop/prevent seizures
GABA
what is acetylcholine used for
regulate attention and memory
its helpful to increase acetylcholine if the client has
alzheimer’s or parkinson’s
three ways neurons can terminate a signal
diffusion
enzymatic degradation
reuptake
what is the limbic system and how does it relate to psychiatric medications
regulates emotion and memory
what part of a neuron receives neurotransmitters
postsynaptic terminal
which part carries the electrical signal
axon
releases neurotransmitters
axon terminal
synapse-
gap b/w presynaptic and postsynaptic terminal
3 major monoamine neurotransmitters
dopamine
norepinephrine
serotonin
which MAIOs help regulate mood
DA, NE, 5-HT
Which MAIO help regulate attention/alertness
dopamine, norepinephrine
which monoamine helps regulate muscle movement
DA, NE
Which two neurotransmitter help reduce anxiety
serotonin , GABA
Which neurotransmitters are the” gas pedal “ and “ break pedal” of the brain
Glutamate is the gas
GABA is the break
which neurotransmitter do we try to increase in clients who have Alzheimer’s disease
acetylcholine
what are the three ways neurons can terminate a signal
diffusion
reuptake
enzymatic Degradation
what are three letters enzymes end with
ase
