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Pharmacotherapeutics > Antidepressants > Flashcards

Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

the most common psychiatric illness

A

depression

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2
Q

MAOIs to remember

A

Isocarboxazide
Phenelzine
Selegiline transdermal
Tranylcypromine

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3
Q

MAIOS are prescribed for?

A

major depression

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4
Q

MAOIS work by blocking monoamine oxidase- the enzyme that breaks down

A

dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine

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5
Q

Clients taking an MAIO must avoid food containing

A

Tyramine

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6
Q

if a client is taking a MAIO they should avoid medications that would increase neurotransmitters. what are some examples

A

other antidepressants
OTC cold meds
Meperidine ( strong pain med)
Triptans ( migraine med)

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7
Q

MAIO adverse effects

A

Hypertensive crisis
serotonin syndrome
orthostatic hypotension

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8
Q

serotonin syndrome is characterized by?

A

altered mental status

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9
Q

clonus

A

involuntary rhythm muscle movement

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10
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants you should know

A

amitriptyline

Nortiptyline

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11
Q

What does TCAs treat

A

major depression
neuropathic pain
anxiety disorders

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12
Q

How to TCAs work

A

block serotonin NE reuptake pumps.

increases 5-HT, DA, NE levels in synapses

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13
Q

TCAS adverse effects

A

anticholinergic effects
orthostatic hypotension
cardiotoxicity

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14
Q

what is the most serious problem with TCAS

A

fatal heart dysrhythmias when overdosed.

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15
Q

if a client is suicidal should they take a TCA

A

NO

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16
Q

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

A

Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertraline

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17
Q

What is the first line drug to treat depression, and what else does it treat

A

SSI, anxiety

18
Q

Adverse effects of SSRIs

A 
stomach problems
slow metabolism
sexual dysfunction
suicidal ideation
sedation- fluoxetine is an exception
19
Q

Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

A

Duloxetine

Venlafaxine

20
Q

Common uses of SNRIS

A

major depression
duloxetine- neuropathic pain
Venlafaxine- anxiety disorders

21
Q

venlafaxine and duloxetine block

A

the reuptake of 5-HT and NE

22
Q

SNRIS adverse effects

A

similar to SSIs except they can cause hypertension especially if the dose is high.

23
Q

Miscellaneous Antidepressants

A

Bupropion

Trazodone

24
Q

common uses of antidepressants

A 
Bupropion - depression 
smoking cessation
adult adhd 
Trazadone- depression
insomnia primarily
25
Q

adverse effects of bupropion

any contraindication factors?

A 
increased libido
weight loss
primary adverse effects-
anxiety and insomnia
clients that have a risk for seizures
26
Q

Trazadone adverse effects

A

strong sedative and anticholinergic effects

very rare cases it can cause priapism.

27
Q

What food substance must clients avoid when takin an MAIOs?

A

tyramine

28
Q

what are examples of tyramine rich foods

A

smoked/pickled fish

Old cheese

29
Q

What drugs should clients avoid while taking MAIOS

A

OTC cold meds
other antidepressants
Meperidine
Triptans

30
Q

which type of antidepressant is very dangerous if overdosed

A

TCAs

31
Q

what side effects are common with TCA’s

A

orthostatic hypertension
anticholinergic effects
cardiotoxicity

32
Q

what are five common side effects SSRIs

A 
stomach troubles
slow metabolism
sexual dysfunction
suicidal ideation
Sedation
33
Q

besides depression , what other problem do SNRIs treatment

A

neuropathic pain and depression

34
Q

which antidepressant can help clients quit smoking

A

bupropion

35
Q

How are bupropion’s adverse effects different from most other antidepressants?

A

increase libido

isn’t likely to cause weight gain

36
Q

what antidepressant is commonly used to treat insomnia

A

trazadone

37
Q

how long does it take antidepressants to relieve depression

A

a few weeks

38
Q

what black box warning do most all antidepressants have

A

increase suicidal thoughts

39
Q

which age group is at most risk of developing suicidal ideation

A

18 years or younger

40
Q

what if an adolescent is taking an antidepressant for a reason other than depression? does the black box warning still apply to them?

A

yes

Pharmacotherapeutics (10 decks)

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