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MED 412_2021 > Neuron anatomy > Flashcards

Neuron anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest white matter track in the brain

A

Corpus Callosum

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2
Q

What is this?

A
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3
Q

Label these two structures?

A
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4
Q

What makes up the diencephalon? (3)

A

1) thalamus
2) hypothalamus
3) subthalamus

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5
Q

Label?

A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Label

A
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8
Q

Label

A
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9
Q

What is the most caudal part of the brain stem?

A

The medulla

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10
Q

Label

A
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11
Q

What landmark separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

A

The central sulcus

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12
Q

What separates the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes

A

Lateral fissure

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13
Q

What separates the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe?

A

The parieto-occiptal sulcus

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14
Q

Label this lobe

A
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15
Q

Label this space

A
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16
Q

What connects the third and fourth ventricle?

A

The celebral aqueduct

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17
Q

Label?

A
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18
Q

what is this type of section

A
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19
Q

Label?

A
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20
Q

Label

A
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21
Q

Label?

A
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22
Q

Label?

A
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23
Q

Label?

A
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24
Q
A
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25
Q

What is white matter

A

ITs the sum of all myelinated tracts as they travel through the CNS

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26
Q

What is grey matter

A

It is the sum of all nerve cell bodies in the CNS

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27
Q

What kind of section is this?

A
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28
Q

What is this?

A

Central sulcus

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29
Q

What is this?

A

Lateral fissure

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30
Q

What makes up the limbic lobe

A

Cingulate gyrus

and the parahippocampal gyrus

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31
Q

What is highlighted

A

Frontal lobe

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32
Q

In the spinal cord, what is the organization of grey and white matter?

A

White matter surrounds a spinal core of gray matter

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33
Q

What is highlighted

A

Cerebral peduncle

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34
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

mammillary bodies in the midbrain

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35
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Optic Nerve in the midbrain

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36
Q

What is the highlighted structure

A

Pons

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37
Q

What is highlighted

A

Pyramids in the medulla

38
Q

What is highlighted

A

the olives in the medulla

39
Q

What is highlighted

A

Superior colliculus of the midbrain

40
Q

What is highlighted

A

inferior Colliculus in the Midbrain

41
Q

What is highlighted

A

Superior Cerebellar peduncle in the Pons

42
Q

What is the highlighted

A

middle cerebellar peduncle in the pons

43
Q

What is highlitghted

A

Inferior cerebellar Peduncle

44
Q

What is highlighted

A

Fasciculus Cuneatus in the medulla

45
Q

What is highlighted

A

Fsciculus Gracillus in the Medulla

46
Q

What is highlighted

A

Obex in the medulla

47
Q

What is highlighted

A

4th ventricle

48
Q

What cells produce cerebrospinal fluid

A

ependymal cells of the choroid plexus which lines the ventricles

49
Q

What is the Cerebral Cortex?

A

The cerebral cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is outermost to the cerebrum of the mammalian brain

51
Q

What is a gyrus

A

its a ridge on the brain

52
Q

What is a sulcus

A

its the groove between ridges on the brain

53
Q

What is a Fissure

A

its a deep sulcus

54
Q

What makes up the Forebrain

A

Telencephalon and the Diencephalon

57
Q

What is the primary motor area

A

Precentral gyrus

59
Q

what is the primary somatosensory area

A

postcentral gyrus

62
Q

What are the 3 types of fibres in the brain

A

1) association fibres
2) Commissural fibres
3) projection fibres

64
Q

What is the gate keeper of the cerebral cortex

68
Q

Function of subthalamus

A

involved in the modulation of voluntary motor activity

69
Q

Hypothalamus function (2)

A

1) involved in the control of autonomic and endocrine function
2) influence emotional and motivational aspects of behaviour

70
Q

What is the Basal ganglia

A

grey matter deep within the cerebral hemispheres involved in modulation of voluntary motor activity

74
Q

Subarachnoid hematoma

A

a hemorrhagic stroke or bleeding of a arterial aneurysm

75
Q

What is an epidural bleed?

76
Q

What is the underlying pathology in an epidural bleed

A

rupture of the middle meningeal artery

lucid interval where it takes time for eth arterial pressure of the bleed to remove the dura from the skull

77
Q

What is a lucid interval

A

it takes time for the dura to remove from the skull, arterial pressure

A person is okay but then not okay

78
Q

Thunderclap headache

A

worst headache of my life

rupture of an artery that supplies the brain typically from an arterial aneurysm

Subarachnoid bleed

79
Q

Subarachnoid bleed clinical manisfestation

A

thunderclap headache

80
Q

What makes up the telencephalon

A

Cerebrum and Basal ganglia

81
Q

What makes up the hindbrain

A

Medulla

Pons

Cerebellum

82
Q

What lobe is the calcarine fissure in?

A

Occiptial lobe

83
Q

What are the 4 areas of spinal cord in order head to toe

A

1) cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

84
Q

What makes up the Brainstem

A

the Midbrain and the Hindbrain

87
Q

congenital hydrocephalus

A

Congenital hydrocephalus is a buildup of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain at birth.

88
Q

How does h bacterial meningitis cause hydrocephalus

A

The bacterial gum up the arachnoid granulations and you can no longer drain the CFS

89
Q

Communication hydrocelphalus

vrs non-communicatin hydrocelphalus

A

Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is blocked after it exits the ventricles. everything with filled with the CSF

Non-communicating hydrocephalus - also called obstructive hydrocephalus - occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked along with one or more of the narrow passages connecting the ventricles. so just ventricles are filled up.

93
Q

Flow of CSF

A

CSF produced in Choroid plexus (in any ventricle) but lets start with lateral ventrical —> interventricular foramen (aka foramen of monro) —> third ventricle —> cerebral aqueduct (aka aqueduct of sylvius) —> fourth ventricle —> central canal —> medial [1] or lateral [2] apertures (aka foramen of magendie or luschka respectively) —> subarachnoid space —> arachnoid granulations and into the sinuses

99
Q

What are the three distinct areas of the brainstem?

MED 412_2021 (12 decks)

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