Neuro Anatomy 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two ascending tracts that we know
A
1) the spinothalamic tract
2) the posterior column medial lemniscus system
2
Q
What 3 sections can the brain stem be divided into?
A
1) midbrain
2) Pons
3) medulla
3
Q
A
Interpeduncular fossa
4
Q
A
cerebral peduncels
5
Q
A
Pons
6
Q
A
cerebellar peduncles
7
Q
A
Pyramids
8
Q
A
Olives
9
Q
A
Anterior median fissure
10
Q
A
11
Q
What is the corticospinal tract responsible for?
A
Voluntary motor activity
12
Q
Where to the corticospinal tract cross
A
In the caudal medulla in the pyramidal decussations
13
Q
Which pathway is the inferior colliculi important for?
A
Importnat for the auditory pathway
14
Q
What is the superior colliculi important for?
A
Visual reflexes
15
Q
In the caudal medulla the _________ _______ and the _____ _____ are sparated by a posterior median sulcus and overlie the ascending _____ ____ ____.
These carry _____ ____ about proprioception fine or discriminative touch and vibration
A
In the caudal medulla, the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus are separated by a posterior median sulcus and overlie the ascending posterior column tracts
These carry Sensory information about proprioception fine or discriminative touch and vibration
16
Q
A
17
Q
A
18
Q
A
19
Q
A
Olfactory nerve (CN I)
20
Q
A
Optic Nerve (CN II)
21
Q
A
Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)
22
Q
A
23
Q
A
Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
24
Q
A
Trigeminval nerve (CN V)
25
abducens nerve (CN VI)
26
facial nerve (VII)
27
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
28
the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
29
Vagus nerve (CN X)
30
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
31
hypoglassal nerve (CN XII)
32
the somatic nervous system innervates structures derived from **Somites a**nd is ultimately controlled by **cortical areas**
33
the visceral nervous system is controlled by the **\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_**
the visceral nervous system is controlled by the **hypothalamus**
34
The visceral sensory info can be divided into two main parts (2)
1) Info on physiological function
2) Pain info
35
Which fibres can be found in a single spinal nerve?
???????
36
The bladder has various types of peripheral nerve fibres – where do they come from?
?????????
37
Which modality will innervate the detrusor muscle?
During urination detrusor muscle is contracted via parasympathetic branches from the pelvic splanchnic nerves
38
What is the innervation of the External urinary sphincter
external urethral sphincter, which is composed of striated muscle, receives a somatic innervation via the pudendal nerve
39
Which fibres carry the sensory information of bladder fullness?
Sensations of bladder fullness are conveyed to the spinal cord by the pelvic and hypogastric nerves
40
Which fibre will carry the sensory information of bladder pain?
??????
41
42
43
The ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ comprises all fibres carrying **\_\_\_\_\_\_** and _____ from the spinal cord to the ______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_**.**
The **anterolateral system** comprises all fibres carrying **Pain** and **temperature** from the spinal cord to the **thalamus** and **brainstem.**
44
The _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_ is an ________ sensory tract and transmits information about \_\_\_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
The **Spinothalamic trac**t is an **ascending** sensory tract and transmits information about **Non-discriminative touch** **pain** and t**emperature**
45
Pain and temperature info in the spinothalamic tract enter the _____ \_\_\_\_\_ of the spinal cord
Pain and temperature info in the spinothalamic tract enter the **Posterior horn** of the spinal cord
46
In the spinothalamic tract, Fibres cross the midline in the spinal cord and ascend to the c\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
In the spinothalamic tract, Fibres cross the midline in the spinal cord and ascend to the **contralateral thalamus**
47
48
Which pathway does discriminative touch vibration and proprioception travel?
In the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway
49
Where does information about discriminative touch, vibration, pressure cross the midline?
At the Medulla
50
Where does the info about pain and temperature cross the midline?
in the spinal cord
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
What is the anterior corticospinal tract function?
Somatic-gross and postural movement of the trunk and proximal musculature
58
What is the function of the lateral corticospinal tract?
The primary responsibility of the lateral corticospinal tract is to control the voluntary movement of contralateral limbs.
59
What is another name for the corticospinal tract?
the pyramidal system
because the tract travels through the pyramids
60
Name for the systems controling the upper motor neuron? (2)
1) cerebellum
2) Basal ganglia
61
Why is CNI special
its on the brain itself and does not exit the cranial cavity
62
CN I
Olfactory
63
CN II
Optic
64
CN III
Oculomotor
65
CN IV
Trochlear
66
CN V
Trigeminal
67
CN VI
Abducens
68
CN VII
Facial
69
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
70
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
71
CN X
Vagus
72
CN XI
Accessory
73
CN XII
Hypoglossal
74
CN I function
Smell
75
Function CNII
Vision, pupillary light reflexes
76
Function CN III
Parasympathetic to pupil, motor to most extraocular muscles (medial / superior / inferior rectus, inferior oblique)
77
Function CN IV
Motor to superior oblique muscle
78
Function CN V
Sensory to face, motor to muscles of mastication
79
Function CN VI
Motor to lateral rectus muscle
80
Function CN VII
Motor to muscles of facial expression, parasympathetic to lacrimal gland
81
Function CN VIII
Balance, hearing
82
Function CN IX
Sensory & motor to pharynx
83
Function CN X
Parasympathetic to viscera, sensory & motor to pharynx
84
Function CN XI
Motor to trapezius & sternocleidomastoid muscles
85
Function CN XII
Motor to tongue muscles
86
What kind of neurons do we have in Ascending tracts?
1st order
2nd order
3rd order
4th order neurons
87
What kind of neurons are in the descending tracts
upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons
88
Where are the upper motor neurons found
cerebral cortex and the deep nuclei of the brainstem
89
Where are lower motor neurons found
anterior horns of spinal cord
90
What is the descending tracts we know?
lateral corticospinal tract
and the anterior corticospinal tract
91
Decussation
When the tract crosses the midline
92
Where does the lateral corticospinal tract decussate
at the pyramids
93
where does the anterior corticospinal tract decussate
Will cross in the spinal cord at the desired spinal level where it will synapse with lower motor neurons
94
Group of cell bodies (neurons) in the CNS
Nucleus
95
group of cell bodies outside CNS
ganglion
96
