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MED 412_2021 > Neuro Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Neuro Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two ascending tracts that we know

A

1) the spinothalamic tract
2) the posterior column medial lemniscus system

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2
Q

What 3 sections can the brain stem be divided into?

A

1) midbrain
2) Pons
3) medulla

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3
Q
A

Interpeduncular fossa

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4
Q
A

cerebral peduncels

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5
Q
A

Pons

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6
Q
A

cerebellar peduncles

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7
Q
A

Pyramids

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8
Q
A

Olives

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9
Q
A

Anterior median fissure

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

What is the corticospinal tract responsible for?

A

Voluntary motor activity

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12
Q

Where to the corticospinal tract cross

A

In the caudal medulla in the pyramidal decussations

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13
Q

Which pathway is the inferior colliculi important for?

A

Importnat for the auditory pathway

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14
Q

What is the superior colliculi important for?

A

Visual reflexes

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15
Q

In the caudal medulla the _________ _______ and the _____ _____ are sparated by a posterior median sulcus and overlie the ascending _____ ____ ____.

These carry _____ ____ about proprioception fine or discriminative touch and vibration

A

In the caudal medulla, the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus are separated by a posterior median sulcus and overlie the ascending posterior column tracts

These carry Sensory information about proprioception fine or discriminative touch and vibration

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16
Q
A
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17
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18
Q
A
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19
Q
A

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

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20
Q
A

Optic Nerve (CN II)

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21
Q
A

Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)

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22
Q
A
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23
Q
A

Trochlear nerve (CN IV)

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24
Q
A

Trigeminval nerve (CN V)

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25
Q
A

abducens nerve (CN VI)

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26
Q
A

facial nerve (VII)

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27
Q
A

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

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28
Q
A

the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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29
Q
A

Vagus nerve (CN X)

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30
Q
A

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

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31
Q
A

hypoglassal nerve (CN XII)

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32
Q
A

the somatic nervous system innervates structures derived from Somites and is ultimately controlled by cortical areas

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33
Q

the visceral nervous system is controlled by the ___________

A

the visceral nervous system is controlled by the hypothalamus

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34
Q

The visceral sensory info can be divided into two main parts (2)

A

1) Info on physiological function
2) Pain info

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35
Q

Which fibres can be found in a single spinal nerve?

A

???????

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36
Q

The bladder has various types of peripheral nerve fibres – where do they come from?

A

?????????

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37
Q

Which modality will innervate the detrusor muscle?

A

During urination detrusor muscle is contracted via parasympathetic branches from the pelvic splanchnic nerves

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38
Q

What is the innervation of the External urinary sphincter

A

external urethral sphincter, which is composed of striated muscle, receives a somatic innervation via the pudendal nerve

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39
Q

Which fibres carry the sensory information of bladder fullness?

A

Sensations of bladder fullness are conveyed to the spinal cord by the pelvic and hypogastric nerves

40
Q

Which fibre will carry the sensory information of bladder pain?

A

??????

41
Q
A
42
Q
A
43
Q

The ________ _______ comprises all fibres carrying ______ and _____ from the spinal cord to the ______ and ________.

A

The anterolateral system comprises all fibres carrying Pain and temperature from the spinal cord to the thalamus and brainstem.

44
Q

The _______ ______ is an ________ sensory tract and transmits information about ______-________ ______,_____ and _______

A

The Spinothalamic tract is an ascending sensory tract and transmits information about Non-discriminative touch pain and temperature

45
Q

Pain and temperature info in the spinothalamic tract enter the _____ _____ of the spinal cord

A

Pain and temperature info in the spinothalamic tract enter the Posterior horn of the spinal cord

46
Q

In the spinothalamic tract, Fibres cross the midline in the spinal cord and ascend to the c_______ ________

A

In the spinothalamic tract, Fibres cross the midline in the spinal cord and ascend to the contralateral thalamus

47
Q
A
48
Q

Which pathway does discriminative touch vibration and proprioception travel?

A

In the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway

49
Q

Where does information about discriminative touch, vibration, pressure cross the midline?

A

At the Medulla

50
Q

Where does the info about pain and temperature cross the midline?

A

in the spinal cord

51
Q
A
52
Q
A
53
Q
A
54
Q
A
55
Q
A
56
Q
A
57
Q

What is the anterior corticospinal tract function?

A

Somatic-gross and postural movement of the trunk and proximal musculature

58
Q

What is the function of the lateral corticospinal tract?

A

The primary responsibility of the lateral corticospinal tract is to control the voluntary movement of contralateral limbs.

59
Q

What is another name for the corticospinal tract?

A

the pyramidal system

because the tract travels through the pyramids

60
Q

Name for the systems controling the upper motor neuron? (2)

A

1) cerebellum
2) Basal ganglia

61
Q

Why is CNI special

A

its on the brain itself and does not exit the cranial cavity

62
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

63
Q

CN II

A

Optic

64
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

65
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

66
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

67
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

68
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

69
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

70
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

71
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

72
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory

73
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

74
Q

CN I function

A

Smell

75
Q

Function CNII

A

Vision, pupillary light reflexes

76
Q

Function CN III

A

Parasympathetic to pupil, motor to most extraocular muscles (medial / superior / inferior rectus, inferior oblique)

77
Q

Function CN IV

A

Motor to superior oblique muscle

78
Q

Function CN V

A

Sensory to face, motor to muscles of mastication

79
Q

Function CN VI

A

Motor to lateral rectus muscle

80
Q

Function CN VII

A

Motor to muscles of facial expression, parasympathetic to lacrimal gland

81
Q

Function CN VIII

A

Balance, hearing

82
Q

Function CN IX

A

Sensory & motor to pharynx

83
Q

Function CN X

A

Parasympathetic to viscera, sensory & motor to pharynx

84
Q

Function CN XI

A

Motor to trapezius & sternocleidomastoid muscles

85
Q

Function CN XII

A

Motor to tongue muscles

86
Q

What kind of neurons do we have in Ascending tracts?

A

1st order

2nd order

3rd order

4th order neurons

87
Q

What kind of neurons are in the descending tracts

A

upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons

88
Q

Where are the upper motor neurons found

A

cerebral cortex and the deep nuclei of the brainstem

89
Q

Where are lower motor neurons found

A

anterior horns of spinal cord

90
Q

What is the descending tracts we know?

A

lateral corticospinal tract

and the anterior corticospinal tract

91
Q

Decussation

A

When the tract crosses the midline

92
Q

Where does the lateral corticospinal tract decussate

A

at the pyramids

93
Q

where does the anterior corticospinal tract decussate

A

Will cross in the spinal cord at the desired spinal level where it will synapse with lower motor neurons

94
Q

Group of cell bodies (neurons) in the CNS

A

Nucleus

95
Q

group of cell bodies outside CNS

A

ganglion

96
Q
A

MED 412_2021 (12 decks)

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