Anatomy of the upper airways Flashcards
What is this structure?
What is the muscle under the palatopharyngeal arch
The palatopharyngeus muscle originates from the palatine aponeurosis and the lateral border of the palatinus muscle. I
What muscle is under the palatoglossal arch?
The palatoglossus or palatoglossal muscle is a muscle of the soft palate and extrinsic muscle of the tongue.
What is the Laryngeal inlet(superior laryngeal aperture)
The laryngeal inlet (laryngeal aditus, laryngeal aperture) is the opening that connects the pharynx and the larynx.
What is the oropharyngeal isthmus
The oropharyngeal isthmus, a.k.a. isthmus of fauces, is the relative constriction of the anterior oropharynx that borders the oral cavity.
is the opening at the back of the mouth into the throat. It is a narrow passage between the velum and the base of the tongue.
What are the three major valves responsible for separating the air and food pathways
Three valves: (1) Soft palate (2) Epiglottis (3) Vocal folds
Why is a tracheostomy a surgical procedure and not an emergency procedure?
The thyroid gland is in the way.
What three parts can the pharynx be divided into
1) Nasopharynx
2) oropharynx
3) laryngopharynx
How does air travel from noes to lungs
Nasal cavitys-> nasopharynx->oropharynx->largynopharynx, travels posteriorly to the
How does food travel
Oral cavity-> thorugh oral pharynx -> esophagus
What is the emergency procedure for establishing an airway when the blockage is above the level of the vocal folds?
Cricothyrotomy (also called cricothyroidotomy) is a procedure that involves placing a tube through an incision in the cricothyroid membrane (CTM) to establish an airway for oxygenation and ventilation.
Why is a tracheostomy a surgical procedure and not an emergency procedure?
A tracheostomy is a more involved surgery where you have to move the thyroid etc
What is the emergency procedure for establishing an airway when the blockage is above the level of the vocal folds?
cricothyrotomy
What is the path of food from the oral fissure to the esophagus?
oropharynx->Pharynx-> epiglotis-> esphogas
What is the path of air from the nares to the trachea?
NasoPharynx->oropharynx->Pharynx->past the epiglotis->past your vocal cords-> Trachea
