Neuromuscular System Flashcards
What is Voluntary control of movement and what muscle fibres contribute
The functional unit of the neuromuscular system is the motor unit. Voluntary movements can depends on the muscle size fibres
Type II
Smaller motor units for type 1 fibres
bigger motor units for type 2 fibres
What is action potential and what hormone does it release
A rapid and substantial depolarisation of the neuron’s membrane and usually lasts about 1ms.
Ending release of Acetylcholine (ACh)
What is Neurotransmitters and what hormone does it engage with
Neurotransmitters are often referred to as the body’s chemical messengers. They are the molecules used by the nervous system to transmit messages between neurons, or from neurons to muscles
Acetylcholine (ACh): important excitatory mediator in transmitting signals from neuron to muscle fibres.
What is Muscle contraction and what does it bind to make myosin
Actin= troponin ( Tropinion C is what calcium binds to, turns into triple myosin)
Tearing of the Z line = damage of muscle contraction
What are the two principals to motor unit recruitment
all-or-none principle and the size principle.
what is Rate Coding and what does it increase ?
Firing rate of frequency and magnitude input
Increase in force production from discharge of action potential
Discharge patterns
Force patterns are controlled by the discharge patterns of action potentials to agonist, antagonist and stabiliser muscles
What factors affect the Control of muscle actions
the level of neuro-modulatory input,
the movement performed
the phase of any given movement, demonstrating a task-dependent reflex modulation
Mechanisms by which the synaptic
inputs can be changed of muscle action are (3)
The spinal cord
receptors
monosymphatic reflex
What are Receptors (muscle spindles) and function as well as the type of system it is being used (not a energy system)
Muscle spindles- provide sensory feedback regarding the length changes and rate of length change
GTOs- Suppress force production via a message to the CNS
Gamma system
informs the CNS as to where the limbs are in relation to the body
What is Postsynaptic inhibition
Less like to generate an action potential
Increase the amount of membranes
What is Presynaptic inhibition
Depolarisation decreases and the subsequent action is reduced/negated
Decreases the amount of mediator released into
the synaptic cleft
Resistance training has the capacity to (3)
Enhance reflexive neural
drive,
Elevate motor neuron
excitability,
Reduce presynaptic and
postsynaptic inhibition.
