Neurology Conditions -risk factors

Question 1

Ischaemic Stroke - Risk Factors (13)

Answer 1

1) older age 2) male 3) family history 4) Afro-Caribbean 5) transient ischaemic attack 6) atrial fibrillation 7) diabetes mellitus 8) hypertension 9) dyslipidaemia 10) hypercoagubility 11) oral contraceptive pill 12) smoking 13) alcohol

Question 2

Haemorrhagic Stroke - Risk Factors (7)

Answer 2

1) older age

2) male 3) Afro-Caribbean 4) family history 5) hypertension 6) haemophilia* 7) anticoagulants

Question 3

Transient Ischaemic Attack - Risk Factors (13)

Answer 3

1) older age 2) male 3) family history 4) Afro-Caribbean 5) transient ischaemic attack 6) hypertension 7) atrial fibrillation 8) diabetes mellitus 9) dyslipidaemia 10) hypercoagubility 11) oral contraceptive pill 12) smoking 13) alcohol

Question 4

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage - Risk Factors (10)

Answer 4

1) >50 years old (esp. 50-55) 2) female 3) family history 4) Afro-Caribbean 5) hypertension 6) smoking 7) polycystic kidney disease 8) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 9) Marfan syndrome 10) aorta coarctation

Question 5

Subdural Haematoma - Risk Factors (5)

Answer 5

1) traumatic head injury (esp. decelerating injuries) 2) aging —> cerebral atrophy 3) alcohol —> cerebral atrophy 4) anticoagulation 5) coagulopathy

Question 6

Extradural Haematoma - Risk Factors (1)

Answer 6

1) traumatic head injury (temporal/parietal fracture)

Question 7

Depression - Risk Factors (8)

Answer 7

1) >65 years 2) female (2x) 3) family history 4) chronic disease (1/3) 5) postpartum (20%) 6) oral contraceptive pill 7) corticosteroids 8) propranolol

Question 8

Epilepsy - Risk Factors (9)

Answer 8

1) family history 2) premature birth 3) febrile seizure 4) dementia 5) drugs (e.g. cocaine) 6) head trauma 7) cerebrovascular disease (e.g. stroke) 8) CNS infection (e.g. meningitis) 9) tumour

Question 9

Parkinson’s Disease - Risk Factors (6)

Answer 9

1) age* (peak onset 55-65 years old) 2) male 3) family history 4) GBA gene mutation (Gaucher’s disease) (5x) 5) MPTP exposure (e.g. cocaine) 6) insecticide/herbicide exposure