Neurology Flashcards
Ovarian teratoma is associated with which neurological issue?
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Features of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis?
A type of paraneoplastic syndrome causing psychiatric issues, seizures and dyskinesias
CSF Features of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis?
Pleocytosis but could be normal
First line for spascity in multiple sclerosis
Gabapentin
How to diagnose MS
Requires demonstration of lesions disseminated in time and space
MRI - High signal T2, periventricular plaques, Dawson fingers
CSF - oligoclonal bands
Visual evoked potentials - delayed but preserved
Huntington’s disease trinucelotide repeats and feature? Genetic inheritence
CAG, autosomal dominant
results in degeneration of cholinergic and GABAergic neurons in the striatum of the basal ganglia
Friedrich trinucelotide repeats?
GAA
Myotonic dystrophy trinucelotide repeats?
CTG
Fragile X syndrome trinucelotide repeats?
CGG
What is Erb-Duchenne paralysis
Damage C5,6 roots
Winged scapular
Can be caused by breeched presentation
What is Klumpke’s paralysis
Damage to T1
Loss of intrinsic hand muscles
Due to traction
CLAW LIKE
MS Treatment for fatigue
Amantadine, CBT
MS Treatment for Spascity
Baclofen and gabapentin
Possibly gabapentin,dantrolene, tizanidine
MS Treatment for Bladder dysfunction
USS first
Anticholinergics
IF SIG RESIDUAL VOLUME - intermittent self catheterisation
IF NO SIG RESIDUAL VOLUME- Anticholinergics
Cataplexy?
Sudden loss of muscle tone
2/3 of narcolepsy has this
Posterior column?
Proprioception (fine touch)
Some Doctors Think Political
- Sensory neuron -> Dorsal column -> Thalamus -> Primary sensory cortex
Corticospinal Tract?
Motor
Splitting of tract in medullary
Lateral spinothalamic tract?
Pain/temperature
Experience 2-3 segments down + contralateral
Brown Sequard Syndrome
Knocks out all 3 tracts
Ipsilateral - CST, PC
Contralateral - LST (2-3 segments down)
Facial palsy with sparing of forehead
UMN
Likely stroke
