Neurological System Flashcards
1
Q
Name the parts of the Brain?
A
➢ Cerebral hemispheres
➢ Diencephalon
➢ Brainstem
➢ Cerebellum
2
Q
Cerebral hemispheres
A
Cerebral cortex (grey matter)
Cerebral tracts (nerve tracts)
Basal nuclei (grey matter masses)
Limbic system
3
Q
Where is the cerebellum located?
A
Located inferior to occipital lobe Two lobes connected by vermis ➢ Reflexive ➢ Involuntary fine-tuning of motor control ➢ Balance and posture
4
Q
what is the Limbic system?
A
Motivation, emotion, learning, memory ➢ Visceral, autonomic processing ➢ Influences endocrine and ANS functions Diencephalon ➢ Thalamus ➢ Hypothalamus Brainstem ➢ Midbrain ➢ Pons ➢ Medulla oblongata ➢ Reticular formation
5
Q
Hypothalamus
A
Visceral and somatic responses Affective responses Production of hormones Sympathetic and parasympathetic activity Temperature regulation Feeding responses Emotions Sexual behaviour Level of wakefulness
6
Q
what part of the brain is responsible for sleep?
A
Hypothalamus and pineal gland (Melatonin)
Non-REM (Non-Rapid Eye Movement) ➢ Decreased homeostasis REM (Rapid Eye Movement) ➢ Suspension of homeostasis Allows clearance of reactive oxygen to clear Brain protection
7
Q
where is the spinal cord located and what is its purpose?
A
Lies within the vertebral canal Protected by the vertebral column ➢ Connects the brain and the body ➢ Conducts somatic and autonomic reflexes ➢ Provides motor pattern control centres ➢ Modulates sensory and motor function
8
Q
reflexes
A
Involuntary, rapid, require a trigger Perform the same every time Five components: ➢ Receptor ➢ Afferent (sensory) neuron ➢ Integration centre ➢ Efferent (motor) neuron ➢ Effector Examples: stretch, withdrawal
9
Q
where does the brain get its blood supply
A
Vertebral arteries
➢ Anterior spinal arteries
➢ Posterior spinal arteries
Aorta
800–1000 mL per minute CO2 is the primary regulator Energy requirements Internal carotid artery Vertebral artery Circle of Willis
