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neuro ex 1 > neurological infectious disease > Flashcards

neurological infectious disease Flashcards

1
Q

what does neurotropic virus commonly cause

What disease can become a neurotrophic virus

A

AIDS

Lyme disease

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2
Q

What can treat aids

A

HAART highly active anti0retroviral

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3
Q

what is caused by JC virus? what type of population will have JC virus active?

A

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy: immunosuppresed patients

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4
Q

what drug can activate that latent virus of Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy

A

Tysabri drug–alters immune system

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5
Q

what is the most common fungal infection

other possible causes

A

cryptococcosis

contaminated steroids

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6
Q

what are the spirochete infections

A

Lyme Neuroborreliosis, Neurosyphillis

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7
Q

which spirochete infection is due to tick vector vs sexually transmitted

A

Lyme neuroborreliosis: tick

Neurosyphilis:sexually transmitted

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8
Q

which disease has tabes dorsalis symptom

A

Neurosyphilis; it knocks out dorsal column spinal cord:

Tabes dorsalis: dorsal column demyelination

position sense, vibration,–loss sense in pace

vestibular and vision takes over spatial sense

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9
Q

which disease has multiple cyst/calcified lesions in brain and meninges with Larvae Taenia solium (pig tape worm)

A

Cerebral cysticercosis

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10
Q

what disease came from mad cow disease

A

Prion disease: bovine spongiform encephalopathy

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11
Q

what is the main transmission for prion disease? What is it resistant to

what does it cause?

A

90% sporadic; resistant to heat and radiation therapy

dementia, spastic paralysis

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12
Q

what does Botulinum cause

A

blocks ACh receptors: presynaptic

does NOT invade cns directly but paralysis of motor and autonomic nerves: prominent craniall nerve involvement

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13
Q

what is the end result for leprosy

A

toxic manifestation to brain

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14
Q

Ebola symptoms/what is Ebola stemmed from

how long goes it take to become symptomatic

A

rNA virus

fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, ab pain

unexplained bleeding

95% can be symptomatic by 21 days

70% death rate

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15
Q

what is the most common cause for post-polio syndrome

A

dying alpha motor neurons

NO evidence of reactivation of poliomyelitis

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16
Q

what is the main cause of meningitis? 2ndary cause?

A

main cause: infection/inflammation

2ndary: invasion of blood vessels and brain parenchya

17
Q

what is the most common cause of viral meningitis

A

enterovirus

18
Q

what is the most common spread of bacterial meningitis?

A

Hematologic spread through direct extension occurs with bacteria from sinuses, nose, ear leading to brain

19
Q

what should you do first before giving antibiotics to bacterial meningitis patient

A

do spinal tap beforehand to confirm and identify organism!!

20
Q

where should spinal tap be given

A

areas around L3-L5; will not get paralyzed from spinal tap

21
Q

what do you use to identify virus

A

PCR, not culture

22
Q

tx for bacterial meningitis

A

vancomycin + cephalosporin

23
Q

cause of tuberculosis meningitis

dx?

A

rupture of tubercle into CSF–>heaache, cognitive dysfunction, weightloss

Dx:
Brain scan,CSF, brain/meningeal biopsy, PCR for virus

generally subacute and 2ndary infection.

24
Q

if you see ziehl: neelsen stain, indicates what

A

leprosy

25
Q

what disease cause chronic infection of skin/peripheral nerve dysfunction

A

leprosy

26
Q

tx for leprosy

A

dapson, rifampin, clofazimine

27
Q

what is encephalitis typically caused by

dx of encephalitis

A

viral infection

use spinal fluid CSF: isolate virus using PCR

28
Q

which disease is caused by enterovirus infection pprogressing to flaccid paralysis attacking alpha motor neurons

it can cause respiratory and CN dysfunction

A

poliomyelitis

29
Q

which disease have 1st acute infection as flu like virus

A

arbovirus infection

30
Q

which is the most common/significant sporadic encephalitis

A

Herpes simplex encephalitis

31
Q

who do you dx herpes simplex encephalitis

A

abnormal EEG/MRI scan

32
Q

what are teh bacteria for meningitis for neonates

A

group B strep, E Coli

33
Q

what is CNS abscess most likely due to? what are the secondary productions?

A

bacterial infection

secondary production due to blood metastasis, direct extension, perforating wounds.

34
Q

what symptoms have erythema migran, facial nerve palsy, meningoencephalitis, neuropathy

A

Lyme Neuroborreliosis

neuro ex 1 (14 decks)

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